A Gravity Model of Migration Between the ENC and the EU

Due to its ageing population and low birth rates, the European Union (EU) will need to import foreign labour in the next decades. In this context, the EU neighbouring countries (ENC) are the main countries of origin and transit of legal and irregular migration towards Europe. Their economic, cultura...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie 2017-02, Vol.108 (1), p.21-35
Main Authors: Ramos, Raul, Suriñach, Jordi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bilateral migration
Emigration and immigration policy
Envelliment de la població
EU neighbouring countries
European Union countries
gravity model
Labor mobility
Manpower policy
Mobilitat laboral
Països de la Unió Europea
Política d'emigració i immigració
Política d'ocupació
Population aging
push and pull migration factors
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Summary:Due to its ageing population and low birth rates, the European Union (EU) will need to import foreign labour in the next decades. In this context, the EU neighbouring countries (ENC) are the main countries of origin and transit of legal and irregular migration towards Europe. Their economic, cultural, and historical links also make them an important potential source of labour. The objective of this paper is to analyse past and future trends in ENC‐EU bilateral migration relationships. With this aim, we specify and estimate a gravity model for nearly 200 countries between 1960 and 2010. Next, we use the model to obtain medium‐run migration forecasts. Our results show a clear increase in migratory pressures from ENC to the EU in the near future, but probably lower than initially expected.
ISSN:0040-747X
1467-9663
DOI:10.1111/tesg.12195