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Speeches in anorexia and bulimia nervosa: a qualitative study about the disorder experiencing

Background: distinctive discursive characteristics related to the experience of an eating disorder (ED) in anorectic and bulimic patients have been observed. Material and methods: a descriptive-analytical-qualitative design based on the Grounded Theory model was used. The sample was intentional, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Revista Mexicana de trastornos alimentarios 2014, Vol.5 (2), p.70-79
Main Authors: Cruzat Mandich, Claudia, Díaz Castrillón, Fernanda, Aylwin Navarro, Javiera, García Troncoso, Andrea, Behar Astudillo, Rosa, Arancibia Meza, Marcelo
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Background: distinctive discursive characteristics related to the experience of an eating disorder (ED) in anorectic and bulimic patients have been observed. Material and methods: a descriptive-analytical-qualitative design based on the Grounded Theory model was used. The sample was intentional, and 15 patients were included, 7 anorectics and 8 bulimics, according DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria. Data were collected by a depth interview pattern and analysed by an open codification. Results: differences in perception of the following categories in anorectic versus bulimic patients were detected: sickness notion (diagnostic reception), meanings associated to foods (traumatic versus pleasant experience), body conception (thinness beauty body ideal and dissociated body from the self) and self image (body dissatisfaction related to alexithymia, lack of assertiveness, perfectionism and impulsivity). Conclusion: although ED patients often transit from one diagnostic to another, in their speeches exist some differences related to core ED parameters. Introducción: se han observado características discursivas particulares en relación a la vivencia del trastorno de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) en pacientes anorécticas y bulímicas. Material y métodos: se utilizó un diseño descriptivo-analítico cualitativo basado en el modelo de la Grounded Theory. El muestreo fue intencionado, conformándose la muestra por 15 pacientes, 7 anorécticas y 8 bulímicas, según criterios del DSM-IV-TR. Se recolectaron los datos mediante el patrón de entrevista en profundidad y para su análisis una codificación abierta. Resultados: se detectaron diferencias en la percepción de pacientes anorécticas versus bulímicas en las siguientes categorías: noción de enfermedad (recepción del diagnóstico), significados asociados a los alimentos (experiencia traumática versus placentera), concepción de la corporalidad (ideal delgado de belleza corporal y cuerpo disociado del sí mismo) y autoimagen (insatisfacción corporal relacionada con alexitimia, falta de asertividad, perfeccionismo e impulsividad). Conclusiones: si bien las pacientes con TCA transitan, a menudo, desde un diagnóstico a otro, existen en sus relatos ciertas distinciones relacionadas a los parámetros nucleares de los TCA.  
ISSN:2007-1523
2007-1523
DOI:10.1016/S2007-1523(14)72002-6