Propiedades fisicoquímicas en frutos de siete variedades de fresa (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) durante su maduración

• Published in: Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria 2018, Vol.19 (1), p.147-162
• Main Authors: López Valencia, David, Sánchez Gómez, Manuel, Fischer, Gerhard, Acuña Caita, John Fabio
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• ISSN: 0122-8706

The strawberry market in Cundinamarca (Colombia) is mainly size driven with no consideration for its maturation state and nutritional quality, wasting therefore, its organoleptic and nutritional potential. For that reason, the physicochemical differences among seven strawberry varieties (Albión, Dulce Ana, Lucía, Monterrey, Ruby June, Sabrina and Ventana) cultivated in the municipality of Sibaté (Cundinamarca) were established. Fruits collected from a productive plot with homogeneous cultivation management conditions were analyzed in six maturity states, establishing the degree of red pigmentation according to the Colombian Standard ntc 4103. Fresh weight, size, color, firmness, total soluble solids (tss), total titratable acidity (tta), maturity and respiration indices were evaluated. Fruits in stages 4, 2 and 3 developed their largest size and weight, where the variety Dulce Ana stands out. The highest color index values were found in the maturity stage 5 in the variety Ventana. Moreover, the highest firmness values were recorded in stages 4 and 5 in the varieties Monterrey and Ventana. The varieties Sabrina, Dulce Ana and Monterrey accumulated the highest tss concentration and the last two showed the best maturity relations. Respiration rates increased with maturation, especially from stage 3. The results suggest that the optimum commercialization and consumption points are stages 3 and 4, namely because these stages exhibit the highest maturity index and fruit weight. Among the varieties studied, Monterrey stands out due to its firmness and maturity index. El mercado de la fresa en Cundinamarca (Colombia) se rige por el tamaño del fruto, sin tener en cuenta el estado de maduración y calidad nutricional del mismo. Por esta razón, se determinaron las diferencias fisicoquímicas en frutos de siete variedades de fresa (Albion, Dulce Anna, Lucia, Monterey, Ruby June, Sabrina y Ventana) cultivadas en el municipio de Sibaté, segundo productor de Cundinamarca. Se analizaron frutos recolectados de un predio productivo con condiciones homogéneas de manejo, en seis estados de madurez determinados por su grado de pigmentación roja (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) de acuerdo a la Norma Colombiana NTC 4103. Se evaluó el peso fresco, tamaño, color, firmeza, solidos solubles totales (SST), acidez total titulable (ATT), índices de madurez y de respiración. En los estados 4, 2 y 3 los frutos desarrollaron su mayor tamaño y peso, destacándose la variedad Dulce Anna. Los valores más alt