Asociación entre el entorno de práctica de actividad física y los hábitos de vida e indicadores de salud física y psicosocial

• Published in: Revista española de salud pública 2022 (96)
• Main Authors: Arriscado Alsina, Daniel, Gargallo Ibort, Esther, Jiménez Boraita, Raúl, Dalmau Torres, Josep Maria
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• Subjects: Calidad de vida; Entorno; Environment; Health; Hábitos de vida; Lifestyle; Mental health; Neighborhood; Quality of life; Salud; Salud mental; Vecindario
• ISSN: 1135-5727

Background: The characteristics of the residence environment seem to be closely related to the health status of its residents, and the infrastructure linked to the practice of physical activity may have a direct influence on health. The objective of the study was to analyze the physical activity practice environment, evaluating in adolescents their relationship with various lifestyle habits and indicators of physical and psychosocial health, academic performance, as well as the influence of various sociodemographic variables. Methods: The study was carried out in a sample of 761 students (14.51±1.63 years) from 25 educational centers in a region of northern Spain. The environment for the practice of physical activity, physical activity engagement, the hours of night sleep, the adherence to the Mediterranean diet, the maximum oxygen uptake, the body mass index, the health-related quality of life were assessed, self-esteem, academic performance and various sociodemographic factors. Results: The residence in more favorable environments for the realization of physical activity was associated with higher physical activity engagement, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, maximum oxygen uptake, self-esteem and health-related quality of life. In addition, the rates of residence in more favorable environments for the realization of physical activity were lower on the part of migrants and those with low/medium socioeconomic status. Conclusions: The infrastructure linked to the practice of physical activity is associated with the well-being of its residents, so interventions aimed at child and adolescent health should take into account the promotion of residential spaces that facilitate access to said practice. Fundamentos: Las características del entorno de residencia parecen estar estrechamente relacionadas con el estado de salud de sus residentes, pudiendo tener, la infraestructura vinculada a la práctica de actividad física, una influencia directa sobre la salud. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el entorno de práctica de actividad física, evaluando en adolescentes su relación con diversos hábitos de vida e indicadores de salud física y psicosocial, rendimiento académico, así como la influencia de diversas variables sociodemográficas. Métodos: El estudio se llevó a cabo en una muestra de 761 estudiantes (14,51±1,63 años) de 25 centros educativos de una región del norte de España. Se valoró el entorno para la práctica de actividad física, el nivel de actividad