Synthesis of Lawsonia inermis-encased silver–copper bimetallic nanoparticles with antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activity

• Published in: Green processing and synthesis 2024-02, Vol.13 (1), p.112701-30
• Main Authors: Ragavendran, Chinnasamy, Kamaraj, Chinnaperumal, Natarajan, Devarajan, Al-Ghanim, Khalid A., Magesh, Mohan, Nicoletti, Marcello, Govindarajan, Marimuthu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: acridine orange; Antibacterial activity; Antioxidants; Artemia; Bimetals; clinical pathogens; Copper; Cytotoxicity; DPPH; E coli; Electron microscopy; Field emission microscopy; Field emission spectroscopy; Fourier transforms; Free radicals; Herbal medicine; Infrared spectroscopy; Lawsonia inermis; MDA-MB-231; Medicinal plants; Microscopy; nanocomposite; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Pharmacology; Plant extracts; Scanning electron microscopy; Silver; Spectrum analysis; Sulfonic acid; Synthesis; Transmission electron microscopy; Tumor cells; X-ray spectroscopy
• ISSN: 2191-9550; 2191-9542; 2191-9550
• DOI: 10.1515/gps-2023-0194

The extract of the medicinal plant , known as henna, was employed to synthesize silver–copper bimetallic nanoparticles (Ag–Cu NPs) in a unique, efficient, and cost-effective method. The shape, size, and structural features of synthesized Ag–Cu NPs were determined by ultra–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy methods. The rod-shaped Ag–Cu nanoparticles, averaging 41.66 ± 17.18 nm in size, synthesized from , exhibited potent antioxidant activity by inhibiting 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radicals. They also displayed significant antibacterial effects against (28 mm), (27 mm), (26 mm), and (24 mm). Additionally, these nanoparticles induced notable morphological changes in cancer cells and demonstrated promising cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 tumor cells (IC = 37.40 µg·mL ). However, they exhibited biotoxicity in , resulting in mortality rates ranging from 3.0% to 32.5%. The LC and LC values recorded for a 48-h exposure were 1.51 mg·L and 2.59 mg·L , respectively. These findings highlight the potential application of -derived Ag–Cu NPs in pharmacology and bio-nanomedicine.