Electric Vehicle Fast Charging: A Congestion-Dependent Stochastic Model Predictive Control under Uncertain Reference

This paper presents a control strategy aimed at efficiently operating a service area equipped with stations for plug-in electric vehicles’ fast charging, renewable energy sources, and an electric energy storage unit. The control requirements here considered are in line with the perspective of a serv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2023-01, Vol.16 (3), p.1348
Main Authors: Di Giorgio, Alessandro, De Santis, Emanuele, Frettoni, Lucia, Felli, Stefano, Liberati, Francesco
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative energy sources
Automobiles, Electric
Buses
Clean technology
Congestion
Cost function
Costs
Electric energy storage
Electric vehicles
Electrical plugs
Energy sources
Energy storage
energy storage system
Energy use
Expected values
Fuzzy logic
Mitigation
Optimization
plug-in electric vehicles
Power flow
Renewable energy sources
Service areas
Shelf life
smart charging control
Stochastic models
Stochasticity
Storage units
Uncertainty
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Summary:This paper presents a control strategy aimed at efficiently operating a service area equipped with stations for plug-in electric vehicles’ fast charging, renewable energy sources, and an electric energy storage unit. The control requirements here considered are in line with the perspective of a service area operator, who aims at avoiding peaks in the power flow at the point of connection with the distribution grid, while providing the charging service in the minimum time. Key aspects of the work include the management of uncertainty in the charging power demand and generation, the design of congestion and state-dependent weights for the cost function, and the comparison of control performances in two different hardware configurations of the plant, namely BUS and UPS connection schemes. All of the above leads to the design of a stochastic model predictive controller aimed at tracking an uncertain power reference, under the effect of an uncertain disturbance affecting the output and the state of the plant in the BUS and UPS schemes respectively. Simulation results show the relevance of the proposed control strategy, according to an incremental validation plan focused on the tracking of selected references, the mitigation of congestion, the stability of storage operation over time, and the mitigation of the effect of uncertainty.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en16031348