Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Obesity-Induced Hypothalamic Inflammation and Insulin Resistance: Pivotal Role of Resistin/TLR4 Pathways

Low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance are among the clinical features of obesity that are thought to promote the progressive onset of type 2 diabetes. However, the underlying mechanisms linking these disorders remain not fully understood. Recent reports pointed out hypothalamic inflammation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in endocrinology (Lausanne) 2019-03, Vol.10, p.140-140
Main Authors: Benomar, Yacir, Taouis, Mohammed
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cognitive Sciences
Endocrinology
hypothalamus
inflammation
insulin resistance
Life Sciences
Neurobiology
Neurons and Cognition
obesity
Psychology and behavior
resistin
TLR4
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Summary:Low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance are among the clinical features of obesity that are thought to promote the progressive onset of type 2 diabetes. However, the underlying mechanisms linking these disorders remain not fully understood. Recent reports pointed out hypothalamic inflammation as a major step in the onset of obesity-induced insulin resistance. In light of the increasing prevalence of obesity and T2D, two worldwide public health concerns, deciphering mechanisms implicated in hypothalamic inflammation constitutes a major challenge in the field of insulin-resistance/obesity. Several clinical and experimental studies have identified resistin as a key hormone linking insulin-resistance to obesity, notably through the activation of Toll Like Receptor (TLR) 4 signaling pathways. In this review, we present an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying obesity-induced hypothalamic inflammation and insulin resistance with peculiar focus on the role of resistin/TLR4 signaling pathway.
ISSN:1664-2392
1664-2392
DOI:10.3389/fendo.2019.00140