The Effects of Dietary Protein Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review of Human Trials

This systematic review examined the effects of whole protein and commonly consumed amino acid supplements on markers of exercise-induced inflammation and oxidative stress and was reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus were searched from inception until June 2021. The in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antioxidants 2021-12, Vol.11 (1), p.13
Main Authors: Alhebshi, Abrar, Alsharif, Nehal, Thorley, Josh, James, Lewis J, Clifford, Tom
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Antioxidants
Carbohydrates
Clinical trials
Cytokines
Dietary supplements
Exercise
exercise recovery
high intensity exercise
immunity
Inflammation
Intervention
Muscle function
Musculoskeletal system
Neutrophils
oxidative damage
Oxidative stress
Peptides
Proteins
Reviews
Statistical analysis
Systematic Review
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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Summary:This systematic review examined the effects of whole protein and commonly consumed amino acid supplements on markers of exercise-induced inflammation and oxidative stress and was reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus were searched from inception until June 2021. The inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials in humans, healthy adult participants (≥18 years), dietary protein/amino acid interventions, and measurements of oxidative stress/the redox status or inflammation post-exercise. The Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias 2 tool was used to critically appraise the studies. Data extracted from thirty-four studies were included in the systematic review (totaling 757 participants with only 10 females; age range 19-40 years). The included trials examined five types of whole protein and seven different amino acids supplements; most studies ( = 20) failed to identify statistically significant effects on markers of inflammation or oxidative stress after exercise; some ( = 14) showed either anti-inflammatory or antioxidant effects on some, but not all, markers. In conclusion, we found weak and inconsistent evidence that dietary protein/amino acid interventions can modify exercise-induced changes in oxidative stress and inflammation. However, given that these were not the primary outcomes in many of the included studies and many had design limitations, further research is warranted (Open Science Framework registration number: 10.17605/OSF.IO/AGUR2).
ISSN:2076-3921
2076-3921
DOI:10.3390/antiox11010013