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The analysis of sacrum and coccyx length measured with computerized tomography images depending on sex
Background Sex estimation is vital in establishing an accurate biological profile from the human skeleton, as sex influences the analysis of other elements in both Physical and Forensic Anthropology and Legal Medicine. The present study was conducted to analyze the sex differences between the sacrum...
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| Published in: | Egyptian journal of forensic sciences 2021-07, Vol.11 (1), p.1-13, Article 14 |
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| container_title | Egyptian journal of forensic sciences |
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| creator | Bakici, Rukiye Sumeyye Oner, Zulal Oner, Serkan |
| description | Background
Sex estimation is vital in establishing an accurate biological profile from the human skeleton, as sex influences the analysis of other elements in both Physical and Forensic Anthropology and Legal Medicine. The present study was conducted to analyze the sex differences between the sacrum and coccyx length based on the measurements calculated with computed tomography (CT) images. One hundred case images (50 females, 50 males) who were between the ages of 25 and 50 and admitted by the emergency department between September 2018 and June 2019 and underwent CT were included in the study. Eighteen lengths, 4 curvature lengths, and 2 regions were measured in sagittal, coronal and transverse planes with orthogonal adjustment for three times.
Results
It was stated that the mean anterior and posterior sacral length, anterior and posterior sacrococcygeal length, anterior and posterior sacral curvature length, anterior coccygeal curvature length, sacral area, lengths of transverse lines 1, 2, 3 and 4, sacral first vertebra transverse and sagittal length measurements were longer in males when compared to females (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s41935-021-00227-5 |
| format | article |
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Sex estimation is vital in establishing an accurate biological profile from the human skeleton, as sex influences the analysis of other elements in both Physical and Forensic Anthropology and Legal Medicine. The present study was conducted to analyze the sex differences between the sacrum and coccyx length based on the measurements calculated with computed tomography (CT) images. One hundred case images (50 females, 50 males) who were between the ages of 25 and 50 and admitted by the emergency department between September 2018 and June 2019 and underwent CT were included in the study. Eighteen lengths, 4 curvature lengths, and 2 regions were measured in sagittal, coronal and transverse planes with orthogonal adjustment for three times.
Results
It was stated that the mean anterior and posterior sacral length, anterior and posterior sacrococcygeal length, anterior and posterior sacral curvature length, anterior coccygeal curvature length, sacral area, lengths of transverse lines 1, 2, 3 and 4, sacral first vertebra transverse and sagittal length measurements were longer in males when compared to females (p < 0.05). It was noted that the parameter with the highest discrimination value in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was the sacral area (AUC = 0.88/Acc = 0.82). Based on Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis findings, the discrimination rate was 96% for males, 92% for females and the overall discrimination rate was 94%.
Conclusions
It was concluded that the fourteen parameters that were indicated as significant in the present study could be used in anthropology, Forensic Medicine and Anatomy to predict sex.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2090-5939</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2090-536X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2090-5939</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s41935-021-00227-5</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Coccyx ; Computerized tomography ; Discriminant analysis ; Forensic Medicine ; Legal medicine ; Linear discriminant analysis ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Original Article ; Pathology ; Sacrum ; Sex estimation ; Tomography</subject><ispartof>Egyptian journal of forensic sciences, 2021-07, Vol.11 (1), p.1-13, Article 14</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c429t-760028b4411402818d184e3c73fb67c968ce4ff3c32998d7a00ef3b08e74e14f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c429t-760028b4411402818d184e3c73fb67c968ce4ff3c32998d7a00ef3b08e74e14f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7802-880X ; 0000-0001-8008-7174 ; 0000-0003-0459-1015</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2548438640?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,21376,21394,25753,27924,27925,33611,33769,37012,43733,43814,44590</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bakici, Rukiye Sumeyye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oner, Zulal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oner, Serkan</creatorcontrib><title>The analysis of sacrum and coccyx length measured with computerized tomography images depending on sex</title><title>Egyptian journal of forensic sciences</title><addtitle>Egypt J Forensic Sci</addtitle><description>Background
Sex estimation is vital in establishing an accurate biological profile from the human skeleton, as sex influences the analysis of other elements in both Physical and Forensic Anthropology and Legal Medicine. The present study was conducted to analyze the sex differences between the sacrum and coccyx length based on the measurements calculated with computed tomography (CT) images. One hundred case images (50 females, 50 males) who were between the ages of 25 and 50 and admitted by the emergency department between September 2018 and June 2019 and underwent CT were included in the study. Eighteen lengths, 4 curvature lengths, and 2 regions were measured in sagittal, coronal and transverse planes with orthogonal adjustment for three times.
Results
It was stated that the mean anterior and posterior sacral length, anterior and posterior sacrococcygeal length, anterior and posterior sacral curvature length, anterior coccygeal curvature length, sacral area, lengths of transverse lines 1, 2, 3 and 4, sacral first vertebra transverse and sagittal length measurements were longer in males when compared to females (p < 0.05). It was noted that the parameter with the highest discrimination value in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was the sacral area (AUC = 0.88/Acc = 0.82). Based on Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis findings, the discrimination rate was 96% for males, 92% for females and the overall discrimination rate was 94%.
Conclusions
It was concluded that the fourteen parameters that were indicated as significant in the present study could be used in anthropology, Forensic Medicine and Anatomy to predict sex.</description><subject>Coccyx</subject><subject>Computerized tomography</subject><subject>Discriminant analysis</subject><subject>Forensic Medicine</subject><subject>Legal medicine</subject><subject>Linear discriminant analysis</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Pathology</subject><subject>Sacrum</subject><subject>Sex estimation</subject><subject>Tomography</subject><issn>2090-5939</issn><issn>2090-536X</issn><issn>2090-5939</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ALSLI</sourceid><sourceid>BGRYB</sourceid><sourceid>M0O</sourceid><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNp9UctOwzAQjBBIoMIPcLLEOeBXEvuIEC-pEpdythx7naZq4mAnouXrMQ0CTvji9Whmdr2TZZcEXxMiypvIiWRFjinJMaa0youj7IxiifNCMnn8pz7NLmLc4HRKTAQnZ5lbrQHpXm_3sY3IOxS1CVOXIIuMN2a_Q1vom3GNOtBxCmDRe5texnfDNEJoPxIy-s43QQ_rPWo73UBEFgbobds3yPcowu48O3F6G-Hi-15krw_3q7unfPny-Hx3u8wNp3LMqzJ9QNScE8JTQYRNUwIzFXN1WRlZCgPcOWYYlVLYSmMMjtVYQMWBcMcW2fPsa73eqCGkccJeed2qA-BDo3QYW7MFhdPSBLbEasl5UVlZc0pJcqsIcFnL5HU1ew3Bv00QR7XxU0iriooWXHAmSo4Ti84sE3yMAdxPV4LVVzxqjkeleNQhHlUkEZtFMZH7BsKv9T-qT_kykds</recordid><startdate>20210705</startdate><enddate>20210705</enddate><creator>Bakici, Rukiye Sumeyye</creator><creator>Oner, Zulal</creator><creator>Oner, Serkan</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><general>SpringerOpen</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8AM</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGRYB</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K7.</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0O</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7802-880X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8008-7174</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0459-1015</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210705</creationdate><title>The analysis of sacrum and coccyx length measured with computerized tomography images depending on sex</title><author>Bakici, Rukiye Sumeyye ; Oner, Zulal ; Oner, Serkan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c429t-760028b4411402818d184e3c73fb67c968ce4ff3c32998d7a00ef3b08e74e14f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Coccyx</topic><topic>Computerized tomography</topic><topic>Discriminant analysis</topic><topic>Forensic Medicine</topic><topic>Legal medicine</topic><topic>Linear discriminant analysis</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Pathology</topic><topic>Sacrum</topic><topic>Sex estimation</topic><topic>Tomography</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bakici, Rukiye Sumeyye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oner, Zulal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oner, Serkan</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health and Medical</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Criminal Justice Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Criminology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Criminal Justice (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Criminal Justice Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Egyptian journal of forensic sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bakici, Rukiye Sumeyye</au><au>Oner, Zulal</au><au>Oner, Serkan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The analysis of sacrum and coccyx length measured with computerized tomography images depending on sex</atitle><jtitle>Egyptian journal of forensic sciences</jtitle><stitle>Egypt J Forensic Sci</stitle><date>2021-07-05</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>13</epage><pages>1-13</pages><artnum>14</artnum><issn>2090-5939</issn><issn>2090-536X</issn><eissn>2090-5939</eissn><abstract>Background
Sex estimation is vital in establishing an accurate biological profile from the human skeleton, as sex influences the analysis of other elements in both Physical and Forensic Anthropology and Legal Medicine. The present study was conducted to analyze the sex differences between the sacrum and coccyx length based on the measurements calculated with computed tomography (CT) images. One hundred case images (50 females, 50 males) who were between the ages of 25 and 50 and admitted by the emergency department between September 2018 and June 2019 and underwent CT were included in the study. Eighteen lengths, 4 curvature lengths, and 2 regions were measured in sagittal, coronal and transverse planes with orthogonal adjustment for three times.
Results
It was stated that the mean anterior and posterior sacral length, anterior and posterior sacrococcygeal length, anterior and posterior sacral curvature length, anterior coccygeal curvature length, sacral area, lengths of transverse lines 1, 2, 3 and 4, sacral first vertebra transverse and sagittal length measurements were longer in males when compared to females (p < 0.05). It was noted that the parameter with the highest discrimination value in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was the sacral area (AUC = 0.88/Acc = 0.82). Based on Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis findings, the discrimination rate was 96% for males, 92% for females and the overall discrimination rate was 94%.
Conclusions
It was concluded that the fourteen parameters that were indicated as significant in the present study could be used in anthropology, Forensic Medicine and Anatomy to predict sex.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1186/s41935-021-00227-5</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7802-880X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8008-7174</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0459-1015</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
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| subjects | Coccyx Computerized tomography Discriminant analysis Forensic Medicine Legal medicine Linear discriminant analysis Medicine Medicine & Public Health Original Article Pathology Sacrum Sex estimation Tomography |
| title | The analysis of sacrum and coccyx length measured with computerized tomography images depending on sex |
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