Toxicity of UV Filter Benzophenone-3 in Brine Shrimp Nauplii ( Artemia salina ) and Zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) Embryos

The benzophenone (BP) family, including oxybenzone (BP-3), a prevalent sunscreen ingredient and environmental contaminant, has raised concerns since the year 2005. This study investigated oxybenzone toxicity in zebrafish ( ) eleutheroembryos and brine shrimp ( ) nauplii, focusing on the LC and devel...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of xenobiotics 2024-04, Vol.14 (2), p.537-553
Main Authors: Ortiz-Román, Melissa I, Casiano-Muñiz, Ileska M, Román-Velázquez, Felix R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
benzophenones
Biosynthesis
Eggs
Embryos
emerging contaminant
Females
lethal concentration
Metabolism
Metabolites
Morphology
oxybenzone
Personal grooming
Sunscreen
Thyroid gland
Tilapia
Toxicity
UV filter
Zebrafish
zebrafish embryos
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Summary:The benzophenone (BP) family, including oxybenzone (BP-3), a prevalent sunscreen ingredient and environmental contaminant, has raised concerns since the year 2005. This study investigated oxybenzone toxicity in zebrafish ( ) eleutheroembryos and brine shrimp ( ) nauplii, focusing on the LC and developmental impacts. Zebrafish embryos (0.100-1.50 mg/L BP-3, 96 h) and (0.100-5.00 mg/L BP-3, 48 h) were tested with ultrasound-assisted emulsified liquid-phase microextraction (UA-ELPME) used for zebrafish tissue analysis. HPLC-DAD determined BP-3 concentrations (highest: 0.74 ± 0.13 mg/L). Although no significant zebrafish embryo mortality or hatching changes occurred, developmental effects were evident. Lethal concentrations were determined ( LC at 24 h = 3.19 ± 2.02 mg/L; embryos LC at 24 h = 4.19 ± 3.60 mg/L), with malformations indicating potential teratogenic effects. displayed intestinal tract alterations and embryos exhibited pericardial edema and spinal deformities. These findings highlight oxybenzone's environmental risks, posing threats to species and ecosystem health.
ISSN:2039-4713
2039-4705
2039-4713
DOI:10.3390/jox14020032