Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Safety with Respect to Seizures: A Literature Review

Transcranial magnetic stimulation is an increasingly popular FDA-approved treatment for resistant depression, migraines, and OCD. Research is also underway for its use in various other psychiatric and medical disorders. Although rare, seizures are a potential adverse event of TMS treatment. In this...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment 2020-01, Vol.16, p.2989-3000
Main Authors: Stultz, Debra J, Osburn, Savanna, Burns, Tyler, Pawlowska-Wajswol, Sylvia, Walton, Robin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol use
Bipolar disorder
Care and treatment
Case reports
Cocaine
Complications and side effects
Convulsions & seizures
Depression, Mental
Differential diagnosis
Ecstasy
Epilepsy
Fainting
Family medical history
Head injuries
Literature reviews
Magnetic brain stimulation
Magnetic fields
Mental depression
Multiple sclerosis
Patient outcomes
Patients
Review
Risk factors
Schizophrenia
Seizures
Seizures (Medicine)
Sleep deprivation
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
transcranial magnetic stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation related seizures transcranial magnetic stimulation safety transcranial magnetic stimulation in epilepsy patients head injuries and transcranial magnetic stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation in children and adolescents
Traumatic brain injury
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Summary:Transcranial magnetic stimulation is an increasingly popular FDA-approved treatment for resistant depression, migraines, and OCD. Research is also underway for its use in various other psychiatric and medical disorders. Although rare, seizures are a potential adverse event of TMS treatment. In this article, we discuss TMS-related seizures with the various coils used to deliver TMS, the risk factors associated with seizures, the differential diagnosis of its presentations, the effects of sleep deprivation and alcohol use on seizures, as well as seizure risks with protocols for traditional TMS, theta-burst stimulation, and accelerated TMS. A discussion is presented comparing the potential risk of seizures with various psychotropic medications versus TMS. Included are case reports of TMS seizures in the child/adolescent patient, bipolar disorder patients, patients with a history of a traumatic brain injury, and those with epilepsy. Reports are also shared on TMS use without seizures in patients with a history of head injuries and TMS's continued use if patients have a seizure during their TMS treatment. Findings generated in this review suggest the following. Seizures, if present, are usually self-limiting. Most treatment recommendations for TMS-related seizures are supportive in nature. The risk of TMS-related seizures is
ISSN:1176-6328
1178-2021
1178-2021
DOI:10.2147/NDT.S276635