Ceratonia siliqua L. Pod Extract: From Phytochemical Characterization to Liposomal Formulation and Evaluation of Behaviour in Cells

The formulation of plant extracts in phospholipid vesicles is a promising strategy to exploit their biological properties while solving problems related to poor solubility in water, high instability, and low skin permeation and retention time. In this study, ripe pods were used for the preparation o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antioxidants 2023-06, Vol.12 (6), p.1209
Main Authors: De Luca, Maria, Tuberoso, Carlo Ignazio Giovanni, Pons, Ramon, García, María Teresa, Morán, María Del Carmen, Martelli, Giuseppe, Vassallo, Antonio, Caddeo, Carla
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antioxidant
Antioxidants
Bioactive compounds
Biocompatibility
Biological activity
Cell lines
Ceratonia siliqua
Erythrocytes
Ethanol
extract
Flavonoids
Free radicals
liposomes
Liquid chromatography
Mass spectroscopy
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid
Phospholipids
Plant extracts
Quantitative analysis
Skin
Software
Vesicles
Work stations
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Summary:The formulation of plant extracts in phospholipid vesicles is a promising strategy to exploit their biological properties while solving problems related to poor solubility in water, high instability, and low skin permeation and retention time. In this study, ripe pods were used for the preparation of a hydro-ethanolic extract, which showed antioxidant properties owing to the presence of biologically active compounds identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (e.g., hydroxybenzoic acid and flavonoid derivatives). To improve the applicability of the extract in therapy, a topical formulation based on liposomes was explored. The vesicles were characterized by small size (around 100 nm), negative charge (-13 mV), and high entrapment efficiency (>90%). Furthermore, they displayed both spherical and elongated shapes, with oligolamellar structure. Their biocompatibility was demonstrated in cells, including erythrocytes and representative skin cell lines. The antioxidant activity of the extract was proved by the scavenging of free radicals, the reduction of ferric ions, and the protection of skin cells from oxidative damage.
ISSN:2076-3921
2076-3921
DOI:10.3390/antiox12061209