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The omega-3 postbiotic trans -10- cis -15-octadecadienoic acid attenuates contact hypersensitivity in mice through downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A

Intestinal bacteria metabolize dietary substances to produce bioactive postbiotics, among which some are recognized for their role in promoting host health. We here explored the postbiotic potential of two omega-3 α-linolenic acid-derived metabolites: -10- -15-octadecadienoic acid (t10,c15-18:2) and...

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Published in:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 2024-05, Vol.14, p.1355679-1355679
Main Authors: Saika, Azusa, Nagatake, Takahiro, Kishino, Shigenobu, Kitamura, Nahoko, Honda, Tetsuya, Hosomi, Koji, Tiwari, Prabha, Node, Eri, Kawai, Soichiro, Kondo, Saki, Ishida, Kei, Kabashima, Kenji, Ogawa, Jun, Kunisawa, Jun
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Language:English
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Summary:Intestinal bacteria metabolize dietary substances to produce bioactive postbiotics, among which some are recognized for their role in promoting host health. We here explored the postbiotic potential of two omega-3 α-linolenic acid-derived metabolites: -10- -15-octadecadienoic acid (t10,c15-18:2) and -9- -15-octadecadienoic acid (c9,c15-18:2). Dietary intake of lipids rich in omega-3 α-linolenic acid elevated levels of t10,c15-18:2 and c9,c15-18:2 in the serum and feces of mice, an effect dependent on the presence of intestinal bacteria. Notably, t10,c15-18:2 mitigated skin inflammation in mice that became hypersensitive after exposure to 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, an experimental model for allergic contact dermatitis. In particular, t10,c15-18:2-but not c9,c15-18:2-attenuated ear swelling and edema, characteristic symptoms of contact hypersensitivity. The anti-inflammatory effects of t10,c15-18:2 were due to its ability to suppress the release of vascular endothelial growth factor A from keratinocytes, thereby mitigating the enhanced vascular permeability induced by hapten stimulation. Our study identified retinoid X receptor as a functional receptor that mediates the downregulation of skin inflammation upon treatment with t10,c15-18:2. Our results suggest that t10,c15-18:2 holds promise as an omega-3 fatty acid-derived postbiotic with potential therapeutic implications for alleviating the skin edema seen in allergic contact dermatitis-induced inflammation.
ISSN:2235-2988
2235-2988
DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1355679