Stretchable current collectors based on carbon embedded in a poly (acrylamide)/poly (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide) hydrogel modified with Nafion 117

In this study, we optimized the dispersion of hydrophobic carbons within ionically conductive hydrogels composed of a poly (acrylamide)-pAAm/poly ( N , N -methylenebisacrylamide)-pMBAA modified with Nafion 117 ® . The carbon-embedded hydrogel films were prepared by in situ UV polymerization of aqueo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials for renewable and sustainable energy 2018-11, Vol.7 (4), p.1-13, Article 30
Main Authors: Radtke, Mariusz, Ignaszak, Anna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acrylamide
Carbon
Carbon content
Carbon dispersion
Chemistry and Materials Science
Conductivity
Dispersion
Electrodes
Graphene
Hydrogels
Hydrophobicity
Impedance
Materials Science
Mechanical properties
Methylene bisacrylamide
Monomers
Multi wall carbon nanotubes
Nanotechnology
Nanotubes
Original Paper
Poly(acrylamide) hydrogels
Polymerization
Polypyrroles
Potassium chloride
Renewable and Green Energy
Rotating disks
Single wall carbon nanotubes
Water uptake
Zeta potential
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Summary:In this study, we optimized the dispersion of hydrophobic carbons within ionically conductive hydrogels composed of a poly (acrylamide)-pAAm/poly ( N , N -methylenebisacrylamide)-pMBAA modified with Nafion 117 ® . The carbon-embedded hydrogel films were prepared by in situ UV polymerization of aqueous suspension containing KCl, acrylamide and N , N -methylenebisacrylamide monomers, the multi-walled-carbon nanotubes, graphene, single-walled carbon nanohorns, and their composites with polypyrrole. These electrodes were translucent, stretchable, ionically and electronically conductive at low carbon content. In addition, they were very flexible, reaching a stretch up to 1475.57% of their initial length. Mechanical characteristics and conductivity were measured at their maximum hydration, corresponding to water uptake of 47.20% after 5 days of curing in humidity chamber. Hydrogels with dispersed carbon demonstrated both ionic and electronic conductivity in hydrated state and electronic conductivity alone when the electrode was dry. Nafion 117 ® acted as a surfactant and played a significant role in the improvement of carbon distribution within the hydrogel due to the hydrophobic–hydrophilic interaction between hydrogel, Nafion and the carbon. This was further correlated with changes in zeta potential at the carbon–hydrogel interface upon addition of Nafion, measured using a rotating disk electrode voltammetry. Graphical abstract
ISSN:2194-1459
2194-1467
DOI:10.1007/s40243-018-0137-5