Nanotechnology Lighting the Way for Gene Therapy in Ophthalmopathy: From Opportunities toward Applications

Hereditary ophthalmopathy is a well-described threat to human visual health affecting millions of people. Gene therapy for ophthalmopathy has received widespread attention with the increasing understanding of pathogenic genes. Effective and safe delivery of accurate nucleic acid drugs (NADs) is the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-04, Vol.28 (8), p.3500
Main Authors: Ren, Weiming, Duan, Suyang, Dai, Chao, Xie, Chunbao, Jiang, Lingxi, Shi, Yi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioavailability
Cornea
delivery carriers
Disadvantages
Drugs
Efficiency
Eye Diseases
Gene expression
Gene mutations
Gene therapy
Genes
Genetic Therapy
Genomes
Humans
Infections
Lipids
Macular degeneration
Medical treatment
nanocarrier
Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology
nucleic acid drug
Nucleic Acids
Ophthalmology
ophthalmopathy
Patient compliance
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Photoreceptors
Physiology
Proteins
Recovery of function
Retina
Review
Stability
Visual impairment
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Summary:Hereditary ophthalmopathy is a well-described threat to human visual health affecting millions of people. Gene therapy for ophthalmopathy has received widespread attention with the increasing understanding of pathogenic genes. Effective and safe delivery of accurate nucleic acid drugs (NADs) is the core of gene therapy. Efficient nanodelivery and nanomodification technologies, appropriate targeted genes, and the choice of drug injection methods are the guiding lights of gene therapy. Compared with traditional drugs, NADs can specifically change the expression of specific genes or restore the normal function of mutant genes. Nanodelivery carriers can improve targeting and nanomodification can improve the stability of NADs. Therefore, NADs, which can fundamentally solve pathogeny, hold great promise in the treatment of ophthalmopathy. This paper reviews the limitations of ocular disease treatment, discusses the classification of NADs in ophthalmology, reveals the delivery strategies of NADs to improve bioavailability, targeting, and stability, and summarizes the mechanisms of NADs in ophthalmopathy.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules28083500