IDENTIFICATION OF CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN A PREVIOUSLY UNAFFECTED AREA BY CONVENTIONAL DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES AND CELL-BLOCK FIXATION

• Published in: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 2016-01, Vol.58 (1), p.3-5
• Main Authors: Abrantes, Tuanne Rotti, Madeira, Maria de Fátima, Silva, Denise Amaro da, Perié, Carolina dos Santos F S, Mendes Júnior, Artur Augusto V, Menezes, Rodrigo Caldas, Silva, Valmir Laurentino, Figueiredo, Fabiano Borges
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antibodies, Protozoan - blood; Brazil - epidemiology; Canine visceral leishmaniasis; Cell-block; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diagnosis; Dog Diseases - diagnosis; Dog Diseases - epidemiology; Dogs; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect - veterinary; Immunochromatography - veterinary; Leishmania infantum - immunology; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - diagnosis; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - epidemiology; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - veterinary; Male; Original; Sensitivity and Specificity; Seroepidemiologic Studies; TROPICAL MEDICINE
• ISSN: 0036-4665; 1678-9946; 1678-9946; 0036-4665
• DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946201658003

After the report of a second case of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in São Bento da Lagoa, Itaipuaçu, in the municipality of Maricá, Rio de Janeiro State, an epidemiological survey was carried out, through active search, totaling 145 dogs. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and rapid chromatographic immunoassay based on dual-path platform (DPP) were used to perform the serological examinations. The parasitological diagnosis of cutaneous fragments was performed by parasitological culture, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. In the serological assessment, 21 dogs were seropositive by IFA, 17 by ELISA, and 11 by DPP, with sensitivity of 66.7%, 66.7% and 50%, and specificity of 87.2%, 90.2% and 94%, respectively for each technique. The immunohistochemistry of bone marrow using the cell-block technique presented the best results, with six positive dogs found, three of which tested negative by the other parasitological techniques. Leishmania sp. was isolated by parasitological culture in three dogs. The detection of autochthonous Leishmania infantum in Itaipuaçu, and the high prevalence of seropositive dogs confirm the circulation of this parasite in the study area and alert for the risk of expansion in the State of Rio de Janeiro.