Ploidy variation on gene differential expression in cowpea

• Published in: Ciência rural 2024, Vol.54 (8)
• Main Authors: Qiu, Xuewen, Kuang, Huiyun, Zeng, Chuntao, Li, Dan, Yang, Youxin, Gan, Yudi, Fan, Shuying, Wu, Caijun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AGRONOMY; phenotype and physiological characteristics,transcriptome sequencing,differentially expressed gene (DEG); Vignaunguiculata,polyploidy
• ISSN: 0103-8478; 1678-4596; 1678-4596
• DOI: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20230108

This study investigated the differences in gene expression profiles of diploid and autotetraploid in cowpea, and provided theoretical basis for screening key genes of differential expression and ploidy breeding. The phenotypes and contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein of diploid and autotetraploid of cowpea were compared and transcriptome sequencing was performed. The autotetraploid leaves of cowpea were thicker and darker green than diploid leaves, and the contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and soluble protein in leaves were higher. A total of 2678 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed in the diploid and autotetraploid of cowpea. Among them, there were 421 genes with higher expression of tetraploid than diploid, and 2257 genes with lower expression of tetraploid than diploid. All 2678 DEGs were annotated into the Gene Ontology (GO) functional library. The DEGs were mainly concentrated in metabolism and cell composition. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Pathway analysis showed that cowpea diploid and autotetraploid have significant differences in flavonoid biosynthesis, degradation of other glycan, phenylpropane biosynthesis, starch sucrose metabolism, keratin, amber and wax biosynthesis, circadian rhythm and plant pathways. RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as diferenças nos perfis de expressão gênica de diplóides e autotetraplóides em feijão-caupi e fornecer base teórica para a triagem de genes-chave de expressão diferencial e melhoramento de ploidia. Os fenótipos e teores de clorofila, açúcar solúvel e proteína solúvel de diplóides e autotetraplóides de feijão-caupi foram comparados e o sequenciamento do transcriptoma foi realizado. As folhas autotetraploides do feijão-caupi apresentaram-se mais espessas e de cor verde mais escura que as folhas diplóides, e os teores de clorofila, açúcar solúvel e proteína solúvel nas folhas foram maiores. Um total de 2678 genes diferencialmente expressos (DEG) foram analisados no diplóide e autotetraploide do feijão-caupi. Entre eles, havia 421 genes com maior expressão de tetraploide do que diplóides, e 2257 genes com menor expressão de tetraploide do que diplóides. Todos os 2678 DEGs foram anotados na biblioteca funcional GO. Os DEGs foram concentrados principalmente no metabolismo e na composição celular. A análise da via KEGG mostrou que o diplóides e o autotetraplóide do feijão-caupi apresentam diferenças significativas na biossíntese de flavonoides