Studies of Bis-(Sodium-Sulfopropyl)-Disulfide and 3-Mercapto-1-Propanesulfonate on/into the Copper Electrodeposited Layer by Time-of-Flight Secondary-Ion Mass Spectrometry

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-11, Vol.27 (23), p.8116
• Main Authors: Mroczka, Robert, Słodkowska, Agnieszka, Ładniak, Agata
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Additives; Adsorption; Chemical properties; Chemical research; Chemistry; Chloride; Chlorides; Chlorides - chemistry; Chromatography; Comparative studies; Conformation; Copper; Copper - chemistry; copper electrodeposition; Copper products; Copper sulfides; cyclic voltammetry; Disulfides; Electrochemical analysis; Electrochemistry; Electrodeposition; Electrodes; Ions; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Methods; Microscopy; MPS (3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate); Nickel titanides; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Open circuit voltage; Optical brighteners; Organic compounds; Plating; Polyethylene glycol; Scientific imaging; Secondary ion mass spectrometry; Sodium; Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion - methods; Spectroscopy; SPS (bis-(sodium-sulfopropyl)-disulfide); Thiols; Time-of-flight mass spectrometry; TOF-SIMS; Voltammetry; Wire
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238116

Interactions of functional additives SPS (bis-(sodium-sulfopropyl)-disulfide), MPS (3-Mercapto-1-Propanesulfonate), and Cl accumulated and incorporated on/into a copper electrodeposited layer were studied using time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) in combination with cyclic voltammetry measurements (CV). It was shown that the Cl and MPS surface coverage is dependent on the applied overpotential and concentration of Cl, SPS, or MPS in the solution. Detailed discussion on the mechanism of yielding CH SO , C H SO , CuSC H SO , and CuS fragments and their assignment to the gauche or trans conformation was proposed. The mechanism of the process of incorporation and re-adsorption of MPS on/into a copper surface under electrochemical conditions without and with chloride ions and its impact on electrochemical properties was proposed. Moreover, it was shown that the presence of chloride ions, the ratio gauche/trans of MPS molecules, as well as the ratio chloride/thiols demonstrate a high impact on the accelerating abilities. Comparative studies conducted under open circuit potential conditions on the nitinol and copper substrate allowed for the identification of specific reactions/interactions of MPS, or SPS and Cl ions on the nitinol and copper surface.