Review of the Impact of Apple Fruit Ripening, Texture and Chemical Contents on Genetically Determined Susceptibility to Storage Rots

Fungal storage rots like blue mould, grey mould, bull’s eye rot, bitter rot and brown rot destroy large amounts of the harvested apple crop around the world. Application of fungicides is nowadays severely restricted in many countries and production systems, and these problems are therefore likely to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plants (Basel) 2020-07, Vol.9 (7), p.831
Main Authors: Nybom, Hilde, Ahmadi-Afzadi, Masoud, Rumpunen, Kimmo, Tahir, Ibrahim
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidity
Apples
Bitter rot
Blue mold
Botrytis cinerea
Brown rot
Colletotrichum
Crop diseases
Cultivars
disease resistance
Fruits
Fungi
Fungicides
Genetics and Breeding
Genetik och förädling
Grey mold
Harvesting
Infections
Inoculation
Malus × domestica
Marketing
Maturation
Methods
Mold
Monilinia
Neofabraea
Pathogens
Pesticides
Physiology
Plant breeding
Polyphenols
Production methods
Review
Ripening
Sugar
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Summary:Fungal storage rots like blue mould, grey mould, bull’s eye rot, bitter rot and brown rot destroy large amounts of the harvested apple crop around the world. Application of fungicides is nowadays severely restricted in many countries and production systems, and these problems are therefore likely to increase. Considerable variation among apple cultivars in resistance/susceptibility has been reported, suggesting that efficient defence mechanisms can be selected for and used in plant breeding. These are, however, likely to vary between pathogens, since some fungi are mainly wound-mediated while others attack through lenticels or by infecting blossoms. Since mature fruits are considerably more susceptible than immature fruits, mechanisms involving fruit-ripening processes are likely to play an important role. Significant associations have been detected between the susceptibility to rots in harvested fruit and various fruit maturation-related traits like ripening time, fruit firmness at harvest and rate of fruit softening during storage, as well as fruit biochemical contents like acidity, sugars and polyphenols. Some sources of resistance to blue mould have been described, but more research is needed on the development of spore inoculation methods that produce reproducible data and can be used for large screenings, especially for lenticel-infecting fungi.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants9070831