Chitosan Covalently Functionalized with Peptides Mapped on Vitronectin and BMP-2 for Bone Tissue Engineering

Worldwide, over 20 million patients suffer from bone disorders annually. Bone scaffolds are designed to integrate into host tissue without causing adverse reactions. Recently, chitosan, an easily available natural polymer, has been considered a suitable scaffold for bone tissue growth as it is a bio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-10, Vol.11 (11), p.2784
Main Authors: Brun, Paola, Zamuner, Annj, Cassari, Leonardo, D’Auria, Gabriella, Falcigno, Lucia, Franchi, Stefano, Contini, Giorgio, Marsotto, Martina, Battocchio, Chiara, Iucci, Giovanna, Dettin, Monica
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adhesion
Adhesives
Amino acids
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antimicrobial activity
bioactive peptides
Biocompatibility
Biodegradability
Biodegradation
Biomedical materials
Bone diseases
Bone growth
Bone morphogenetic protein 2
bone tissue engineering
Bones
Cell differentiation
Chitosan
covalent grafting
Differentiation (biology)
Fourier transforms
Gene expression
Growth factors
Infrared spectroscopy
Natural polymers
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Osteoblastogenesis
Osteoblasts
Osteogenesis
Peptides
Phenotypes
Photoelectron spectroscopy
Photoelectrons
Polymers
Scaffolds
Synthetic peptides
Tissue engineering
Vitronectin
X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
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Summary:Worldwide, over 20 million patients suffer from bone disorders annually. Bone scaffolds are designed to integrate into host tissue without causing adverse reactions. Recently, chitosan, an easily available natural polymer, has been considered a suitable scaffold for bone tissue growth as it is a biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic material with antimicrobial activity and osteoinductive capacity. In this work, chitosan was covalently and selectively biofunctionalized with two suitably designed bioactive synthetic peptides: a Vitronectin sequence (HVP) and a BMP-2 peptide (GBMP1a). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) investigations highlighted the presence of the peptides grafted to chitosan (named Chit-HVP and Chit-GBMP1a). Chit-HVP and Chit-GBMP1a porous scaffolds promoted human osteoblasts adhesion, proliferation, calcium deposition, and gene expression of three crucial osteoblast proteins. In particular, Chit-HVP highly promoted adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts, while Chit-GBMP1a guided cell differentiation towards osteoblastic phenotype.
ISSN:2079-4991
2079-4991
DOI:10.3390/nano11112784