Impact of Chlorpyrifos on Cytopathological Indices in Mangrove Crab, Episesarma tetragonum (Fabricius)

Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate insecticide occurring in aquatic ecosystems. Due to exposure to xenobiotics, several harmful effects on aquatic organisms are noticed worldwide. Mangrove crabs are an ecologically important aquatic invertebrate species in food web interactions and in the mangrove e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary sciences 2023-01, Vol.10 (1), p.53
Main Authors: Ravi, Rajesh, Athisuyambulingam, Maharajan, Kanagaraj, Shanmugavel, Tresnakova, Nikola, Impellitteri, Federica, Viswambaran, Ganapiriya, Faggio, Caterina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic ecosystems
Aquatic environment
Aquatic organisms
Atrophy
Cellular biology
Chlorpyrifos
Connective tissue
crab
Crustaceans
cytopathology
Cytotoxicity
Edema
Food contamination & poisoning
Food webs
Gills
Hemocytes
Hemorrhage
Hepatopancreas
insecticide
Insecticides
Lamellae
Mangroves
Muscles
Necrosis
Nitrogen
Organophosphates
Pest control
Pesticides
Xenobiotics
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Summary:Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate insecticide occurring in aquatic ecosystems. Due to exposure to xenobiotics, several harmful effects on aquatic organisms are noticed worldwide. Mangrove crabs are an ecologically important aquatic invertebrate species in food web interactions and in the mangrove ecosystem. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of chlorpyrifos on the mangrove crab, . Crabs were exposed to 0.0294 and 0.0588 ppm of chlorpyrifos for 7 and 28 days. Cytopathologic effects on the gill, hepatopancreas, and muscle were investigated, and observations were compared with a control group. The results suggest that chlorpyrifos induces time- and concentration-dependent cytopathological alternations in the gill and exhibited epithelial lifting, oedema, necrosis, and a fusion of secondary lamellae and haemorrhage. The deceased hepatopancreas showed infiltration, a large lumen formation, and the disappearance of haemocytes, while the muscle tissue showed atrophy, necrosis, a wavy appearance, an accumulation of granular material between muscle fibres, and fragmentation in a mangrove crab. This study shows the great potential of cytopathological investigations, allows us to assess the sensitivity of various aquatic animal species to potentially dangerous compounds, and calculates safe concentrations with which to reduce pesticide use.
ISSN:2306-7381
2306-7381
DOI:10.3390/vetsci10010053