A concentration of visual cortex-like neurons in prefrontal cortex

• Published in: Nature communications 2024-08, Vol.15 (1), p.7002-14
• Main Authors: Rose, Olivia, Ponce, Carlos R.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/378/2613; 631/378/3917; 9/10; Animals; Arrays; Brain architecture; Brain Mapping; Coding; Design; Experiments; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Functional morphology; Functionals; Humanities and Social Sciences; Information processing; Macaca mulatta; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Monkeys & apes; multidisciplinary; Neural networks; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Neurons - physiology; Neurosciences; Photic Stimulation; Prefrontal cortex; Prefrontal Cortex - cytology; Prefrontal Cortex - diagnostic imaging; Prefrontal Cortex - physiology; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Sensory integration; Sensory neurons; Somatosensory cortex; Subpopulations; Synthesis; Visual cortex; Visual Cortex - cytology; Visual Cortex - diagnostic imaging; Visual Cortex - physiology; Visual fields; Visual Perception - physiology; Visual stimuli
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51441-3

Visual recognition is largely realized through neurons in the ventral stream, though recently, studies have suggested that ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) is also important for visual processing. While it is hypothesized that sensory and cognitive processes are integrated in vlPFC neurons, it is not clear how this mechanism benefits vision, or even if vlPFC neurons have properties essential for computations in visual cortex implemented via recurrence. Here, we investigated if vlPFC neurons in two male monkeys had functions comparable to visual cortex, including receptive fields, image selectivity, and the capacity to synthesize highly activating stimuli using generative networks. We found a subset of vlPFC sites show all properties, suggesting subpopulations of vlPFC neurons encode statistics about the world. Further, these vlPFC sites may be anatomically clustered, consistent with fMRI-identified functional organization. Our findings suggest that stable visual encoding in vlPFC may be a necessary condition for local and brain-wide computations. Functional roles of primate ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) in visual processing are not fully understood. Here, authors show that some vlPFC neurons have receptive fields, image selectivity, and can synthesize stimuli using deep generative networks, indicating their role in visual encoding.