ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling in the DNA-damage response

The integrity of DNA is continuously challenged by metabolism-derived and environmental genotoxic agents that cause a variety of DNA lesions, including base alterations and breaks. DNA damage interferes with vital processes such as transcription and replication, and if not repaired properly, can ult...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Epigenetics & chromatin 2012-01, Vol.5 (1), p.4-4, Article 4
Main Authors: Lans, Hannes, Marteijn, Jurgen A, Vermeulen, Wim
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Cancer
Causes of
Chromatin
Chromatin remodeling
DNA damage
DNA repair
epigenetics
Genetic aspects
Genetics
Genomes
Genotoxicity
Histones
homologous recombination
Non-homologous end joining
Nucleosomes
Nucleotide excision repair
Physiological aspects
Post-translation
Proteins
Replication
Review
Reviews
RNA polymerase
Signal transduction
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Summary:The integrity of DNA is continuously challenged by metabolism-derived and environmental genotoxic agents that cause a variety of DNA lesions, including base alterations and breaks. DNA damage interferes with vital processes such as transcription and replication, and if not repaired properly, can ultimately lead to premature aging and cancer. Multiple DNA pathways signaling for DNA repair and DNA damage collectively safeguard the integrity of DNA. Chromatin plays a pivotal role in regulating DNA-associated processes, and is itself subject to regulation by the DNA-damage response. Chromatin influences access to DNA, and often serves as a docking or signaling site for repair and signaling proteins. Its structure can be adapted by post-translational histone modifications and nucleosome remodeling, catalyzed by the activity of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes. In recent years, accumulating evidence has suggested that ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes play important, although poorly characterized, roles in facilitating the effectiveness of the DNA-damage response. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the involvement of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling in three major DNA repair pathways: nucleotide excision repair, homologous recombination, and non-homologous end-joining. This shows that a surprisingly large number of different remodeling complexes display pleiotropic functions during different stages of the DNA-damage response. Moreover, several complexes seem to have multiple functions, and are implicated in various mechanistically distinct repair pathways.
ISSN:1756-8935
1756-8935
DOI:10.1186/1756-8935-5-4