The role and application of small extracellular vesicles in gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common tumour that affects humans worldwide, is highly malignant and has a poor prognosis. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), especially exosomes, are nanoscale vesicles released by various cells that deliver bioactive molecules to recipient cells, affecting their biologic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular cancer 2021-04, Vol.20 (1), p.71-71, Article 71
Main Authors: Wu, Hao, Fu, Mengdi, Liu, Jin, Chong, Wei, Fang, Zhen, Du, Fengying, Liu, Yang, Shang, Liang, Li, Leping
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Biosynthesis
Cancer therapies
Cell interactions
Cell signaling
Chemoresistance
Chemotherapy
Diagnosis
Drug delivery
Endoscopy
Exosomes
Extracellular vesicles
Gastric cancer
Immunotherapy
Metastases
Metastasis
Microenvironments
Microscopy
Molecular mechanism
Proteins
Review
Small extracellular vesicles
Therapy
Tumor microenvironment
Tumors
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Summary:Gastric cancer (GC) is a common tumour that affects humans worldwide, is highly malignant and has a poor prognosis. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), especially exosomes, are nanoscale vesicles released by various cells that deliver bioactive molecules to recipient cells, affecting their biological characteristics, changing the tumour microenvironment and producing long-distance effects. In recent years, many studies have clarified the mechanisms by which sEVs function with regard to the initiation, progression, angiogenesis, metastasis and chemoresistance of GC. These molecules can function as mediators of cell-cell communication in the tumour microenvironment and might affect the efficacy of immunotherapy. Due to their unique physiochemical characteristics, sEVs show potential as effective antitumour vaccines as well as drug carriers. In this review, we summarize the roles of sEVs in GC and highlight the clinical application prospects in the future.
ISSN:1476-4598
1476-4598
DOI:10.1186/s12943-021-01365-z