Hypertonic Saline in Treatment of Pulmonary Disease in Cystic Fibrosis

The pathogenesis of lung disease in cystic fibrosis is characterised by decreased airway surface liquid volume and subsequent failure of normal mucociliary clearance. Mucus within the cystic fibrosis airways is enriched in negatively charged matrices composed of DNA released from colonizing bacteria...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:TheScientificWorld 2012-01, Vol.2012 (2012), p.1-11
Main Authors: Reeves, Emer P., Molloy, Kevin, Pohl, Kerstin, McElvaney, Noel G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actin
Adolescent
Animals
Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology
Anti-inflammatory agents
Care and treatment
Child
Child, Preschool
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cystic fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis - complications
Cystic Fibrosis - drug therapy
Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator - genetics
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Elasticity
Glycosaminoglycans
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infection
Inflammation
Lung - physiology
Lung diseases
Lung Diseases - complications
Lung Diseases - drug therapy
Medicine
Mucociliary Clearance - drug effects
Mucus
Mucus - metabolism
Mutation
Pathogenesis
Physiological aspects
Proteins
Respiratory System
Respiratory tract
Review
Saline Solution, Hypertonic - pharmacology
Viscoelasticity
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Description
Summary:The pathogenesis of lung disease in cystic fibrosis is characterised by decreased airway surface liquid volume and subsequent failure of normal mucociliary clearance. Mucus within the cystic fibrosis airways is enriched in negatively charged matrices composed of DNA released from colonizing bacteria or inflammatory cells, as well as F-actin and elevated concentrations of anionic glycosaminoglycans. Therapies acting against airway mucus in cystic fibrosis include aerosolized hypertonic saline. It has been shown that hypertonic saline possesses mucolytic properties and aids mucociliary clearance by restoring the liquid layer lining the airways. However, recent clinical and bench-top studies are beginning to broaden our view on the beneficial effects of hypertonic saline, which now extend to include anti-infective as well as anti-inflammatory properties. This review aims to discuss the described therapeutic benefits of hypertonic saline and specifically to identify novel models of hypertonic saline action independent of airway hydration.
ISSN:2356-6140
1537-744X
1537-744X
DOI:10.1100/2012/465230