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Design Model of Null-Flux Coil Electrodynamic Suspension for the Hyperloop
The Hyperloop has been developed using various technologies to reach a maximum speed of 1200 km/h. Such technologies include magnetic levitation technologies that are suitable for subsonic driving. In the Hyperloop, the null-flux electrodynamic suspension (EDS) system and superconducting magnets (SC...
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Published in: | Energies (Basel) 2020-10, Vol.13 (19), p.5075 |
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description | The Hyperloop has been developed using various technologies to reach a maximum speed of 1200 km/h. Such technologies include magnetic levitation technologies that are suitable for subsonic driving. In the Hyperloop, the null-flux electrodynamic suspension (EDS) system and superconducting magnets (SCMs) can perform stable levitation without control during high-speed driving. Although an EDS device can be accurately analyzed using numerical analysis methods, such as the 3D finite element method (FEM) or dynamic circuitry theory, its 3D configurations make it difficult to use in various design analyses. This paper presents a new design model that fast analyzes and compares many designs of null-flux EDS devices for the Hyperloop system. For a fast and effective evaluation of various levitation coil shapes and arrangements, the computational process of the induced electromotive force and the coupling effect were simplified using a 2D rectangular coil loop, and the induced current and force equations were written as closed-form solutions using the Fourier analysis. Also, levitation coils were designed, and their characteristics were analyzed and compared with each other. To validate the proposed model, the analyzed force responses for various driving conditions and the changed performance trend by design variables were compared with analyzed FEM results. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/en13195075 |
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Such technologies include magnetic levitation technologies that are suitable for subsonic driving. In the Hyperloop, the null-flux electrodynamic suspension (EDS) system and superconducting magnets (SCMs) can perform stable levitation without control during high-speed driving. Although an EDS device can be accurately analyzed using numerical analysis methods, such as the 3D finite element method (FEM) or dynamic circuitry theory, its 3D configurations make it difficult to use in various design analyses. This paper presents a new design model that fast analyzes and compares many designs of null-flux EDS devices for the Hyperloop system. For a fast and effective evaluation of various levitation coil shapes and arrangements, the computational process of the induced electromotive force and the coupling effect were simplified using a 2D rectangular coil loop, and the induced current and force equations were written as closed-form solutions using the Fourier analysis. Also, levitation coils were designed, and their characteristics were analyzed and compared with each other. To validate the proposed model, the analyzed force responses for various driving conditions and the changed performance trend by design variables were compared with analyzed FEM results.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1073</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1073</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/en13195075</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Computer applications ; Design ; Design analysis ; Driving ability ; Electric potential ; electrodynamic suspension (EDS) ; Electromotive forces ; Fluctuations ; Flux ; Fourier analysis ; high-temperature superconducting (HTS) ; Hyperloop ; Magnetic fields ; Magnetic levitation ; Magnetic levitation systems ; magnetically levitated (Maglev) ; null-flux levitation/guidance ; Numerical analysis ; Numerical methods ; Ordinary differential equations ; superconducting magnet ; Superconducting magnets ; Vehicles ; Velocity</subject><ispartof>Energies (Basel), 2020-10, Vol.13 (19), p.5075</ispartof><rights>2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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Such technologies include magnetic levitation technologies that are suitable for subsonic driving. In the Hyperloop, the null-flux electrodynamic suspension (EDS) system and superconducting magnets (SCMs) can perform stable levitation without control during high-speed driving. Although an EDS device can be accurately analyzed using numerical analysis methods, such as the 3D finite element method (FEM) or dynamic circuitry theory, its 3D configurations make it difficult to use in various design analyses. This paper presents a new design model that fast analyzes and compares many designs of null-flux EDS devices for the Hyperloop system. For a fast and effective evaluation of various levitation coil shapes and arrangements, the computational process of the induced electromotive force and the coupling effect were simplified using a 2D rectangular coil loop, and the induced current and force equations were written as closed-form solutions using the Fourier analysis. 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To validate the proposed model, the analyzed force responses for various driving conditions and the changed performance trend by design variables were compared with analyzed FEM results.</description><subject>Computer applications</subject><subject>Design</subject><subject>Design analysis</subject><subject>Driving ability</subject><subject>Electric potential</subject><subject>electrodynamic suspension (EDS)</subject><subject>Electromotive forces</subject><subject>Fluctuations</subject><subject>Flux</subject><subject>Fourier analysis</subject><subject>high-temperature superconducting (HTS)</subject><subject>Hyperloop</subject><subject>Magnetic fields</subject><subject>Magnetic levitation</subject><subject>Magnetic levitation systems</subject><subject>magnetically levitated (Maglev)</subject><subject>null-flux levitation/guidance</subject><subject>Numerical analysis</subject><subject>Numerical methods</subject><subject>Ordinary differential equations</subject><subject>superconducting magnet</subject><subject>Superconducting magnets</subject><subject>Vehicles</subject><subject>Velocity</subject><issn>1996-1073</issn><issn>1996-1073</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptkE9P3DAQxaOqSEWwl34CS70hpbUzsbM-Vssuf7TAAXq2Zp0x9crEwU4k9ts3sKggxFxmNPrNe6NXFN8F_wmg-S_qBAgteSO_FIdCa1UK3sDXd_O3Ypbzlk8FIADgsLg8pezvO3YVWwosOnY9hlCuwvjEFtEHtgxkhxTbXYcP3rLbMffUZR875mJiw19i57ueUoixPy4OHIZMs9d-VPxZLe8W5-X65uxi8XtdWlBiKGuom7lAaLhFpywhilaCEBUhzDcagDtSWiqNVAlwSjnQstWbSjVCO5BwVFzsdduIW9Mn_4BpZyJ687KI6d5gGrwNZLiq0da8ERLrukE7dwQSyXFVKdtsnrV-7LX6FB9HyoPZxjF10_umkiClnouaT9TJnrIp5pzI_XcV3DxHb96in2D-AbZ-wGGKbEjow2cn_wDMA4Pr</recordid><startdate>20201001</startdate><enddate>20201001</enddate><creator>Lim, Jungyoul</creator><creator>Lee, Chang-Young</creator><creator>Lee, Jin-Ho</creator><creator>You, Wonhee</creator><creator>Lee, Kwan-Sup</creator><creator>Choi, Suyong</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5682-148X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7227-7066</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9577</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201001</creationdate><title>Design Model of Null-Flux Coil Electrodynamic Suspension for the Hyperloop</title><author>Lim, Jungyoul ; 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subjects | Computer applications Design Design analysis Driving ability Electric potential electrodynamic suspension (EDS) Electromotive forces Fluctuations Flux Fourier analysis high-temperature superconducting (HTS) Hyperloop Magnetic fields Magnetic levitation Magnetic levitation systems magnetically levitated (Maglev) null-flux levitation/guidance Numerical analysis Numerical methods Ordinary differential equations superconducting magnet Superconducting magnets Vehicles Velocity |
title | Design Model of Null-Flux Coil Electrodynamic Suspension for the Hyperloop |
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