Epigenetics in Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most commonly diagnosed nonskin malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer death among men in the United States. Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequences. Two common...

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Published in:Prostate cancer 2011-01, Vol.2011 (2011), p.1-12
Main Authors: Albany, Costantine, Alva, Ajjai S., Aparicio, Ana M., Singal, Rakesh, Yellapragada, Sarvari, Sonpavde, Guru, Hahn, Noah M.
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container_end_page 12
container_issue 2011
container_start_page 1
container_title Prostate cancer
container_volume 2011
creator Albany, Costantine
Alva, Ajjai S.
Aparicio, Ana M.
Singal, Rakesh
Yellapragada, Sarvari
Sonpavde, Guru
Hahn, Noah M.
description Prostate cancer (PC) is the most commonly diagnosed nonskin malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer death among men in the United States. Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequences. Two common epigenetic mechanisms, DNA methylation and histone modification, have demonstrated critical roles in prostate cancer growth and metastasis. DNA hypermethylation of cytosine-guanine (CpG) rich sequence islands within gene promoter regions is widespread during neoplastic transformation of prostate cells, suggesting that treatment-induced restoration of a “normal” epigenome could be clinically beneficial. Histone modification leads to altered tumor gene function by changing chromosome structure and the level of gene transcription. The reversibility of epigenetic aberrations and restoration of tumor suppression gene function have made them attractive targets for prostate cancer treatment with modulators that demethylate DNA and inhibit histone deacetylases.
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title Epigenetics in Prostate Cancer
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