Altered Nitrogen Availability in Pea–Barley Sole- and Intercrops Changes Dominance of Two Nitrophilic Weed Species

Effective and sustainable weed management in agricultural fields is a prerequisite for increasing crop yield without negatively impacting the environment. The aim of this study was to explore how varying nitrogen (N) availability in cropping arrangements of pea (Pisum sativum) and barley (Hordeum vu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Agronomy (Basel) 2021-04, Vol.11 (4), p.679
Main Authors: Jäck, Ortrud, Ajal, James, Weih, Martin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
15N
Agricultural land
Agricultural management
Agricultural production
Agricultural Science
Availability
Barley
Biomass
Cereals
Chenopodium album
Community composition
Competition
Crop yield
Crops
crop–weed interaction
Dominance
Environmental impact
Experiments
Fertilization
Fertilizers
Flowering
Galeopsis
Hordeum vulgare
intercropping
Jordbruksvetenskap
Legumes
Mineralization
Nitrogen
nitrogen availability
Pisum sativum
plant–plant interaction
Seeds
Soils
Sole cropping
Species
Weed control
weed nitrogen uptake
Weeds
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Summary:Effective and sustainable weed management in agricultural fields is a prerequisite for increasing crop yield without negatively impacting the environment. The aim of this study was to explore how varying nitrogen (N) availability in cropping arrangements of pea (Pisum sativum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) grown as sole crops and intercrops at different fertilization levels and considering different N sources (soil mineralization, N fixation, N fertilizer) affects the response of weed species with differential N responsiveness. Crop and weed biomass were sampled at flowering and maturity. The total N content and 15N isotope signatures were analyzed to differentiate between N sources and to estimate the amount of N available to weeds. The highly N-responsive weed (Chenopodium album) accumulated more N and biomass than the weed with reduced N responsiveness (Galeopsis spp.). Fertilizer supply favored Chenopodium album, but not the crops. Altered soil N availability caused a shift in the dominance of the nitrophilic weed species towards the highly N-responsive species. This shift in dominance could affect the long-term weed community composition and thus have implications for sustainable weed management.
ISSN:2073-4395
2073-4395
DOI:10.3390/agronomy11040679