Ultrafast nematic-orbital excitation in FeSe

The electronic nematic phase is an unconventional state of matter that spontaneously breaks the rotational symmetry of electrons. In iron-pnictides/chalcogenides and cuprates, the nematic ordering and fluctuations have been suggested to have as-yet-unconfirmed roles in superconductivity. However, mo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature communications 2019-04, Vol.10 (1), p.1946-1946, Article 1946
Main Authors: Shimojima, T., Suzuki, Y., Nakamura, A., Mitsuishi, N., Kasahara, S., Shibauchi, T., Matsuda, Y., Ishida, Y., Shin, S., Ishizaka, K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/766/119/1003
639/766/119/2795
Anisotropy
Cuprates
Emission spectroscopy
Excitation
Femtosecond pulses
Fermi surfaces
Fluence
Group 5A compounds
Humanities and Social Sciences
Iron
multidisciplinary
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Spectroscopy
Spectrum analysis
Superconductivity
Variation
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Summary:The electronic nematic phase is an unconventional state of matter that spontaneously breaks the rotational symmetry of electrons. In iron-pnictides/chalcogenides and cuprates, the nematic ordering and fluctuations have been suggested to have as-yet-unconfirmed roles in superconductivity. However, most studies have been conducted in thermal equilibrium, where the dynamical property and excitation can be masked by the coupling with the lattice. Here we use femtosecond optical pulse to perturb the electronic nematic order in FeSe. Through time-, energy-, momentum- and orbital-resolved photo-emission spectroscopy, we detect the ultrafast dynamics of electronic nematicity. In the strong-excitation regime, through the observation of Fermi surface anisotropy, we find a quick disappearance of the nematicity followed by a heavily-damped oscillation. This short-life nematicity oscillation is seemingly related to the imbalance of Fe 3 d xz and d yz orbitals. These phenomena show critical behavior as a function of pump fluence. Our real-time observations reveal the nature of the electronic nematic excitation instantly decoupled from the underlying lattice. Several experiments have shown evidence for unusual nematic electronic behaviour in unconventional superconductors. Here the authors use pump-probe spectroscopy to observe out-of-equilibrium behaviour of coupled nematic-orbital excitations in iron selenide.
ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/s41467-019-09869-5