Simple Synthesis of Fe3O4@-Activated Carbon from Wastepaper for Dispersive Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Their UHPLC–PDA Determination in Human Plasma

In the present society, the recycling and reuse of valuable substances are of utmost importance for economic and environmental purposes. At the same time, there is a pressing need to develop new methods to protect the ecosystem from many human activities, including those that have contributed to an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fibers 2022-07, Vol.10 (7), p.58
Main Authors: Ferrone, Vincenzo, Bruni, Pantaleone, Canale, Valentino, Sbrascini, Leonardo, Nobili, Francesco, Carlucci, Giuseppe, Ferrari, Stefania
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activated carbon
Adsorbents
Anti-inflammatory agents
Blood plasma
Cellulose
Graphene
High temperature
Investigations
Iron oxides
nanocomposites
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NSAID
Pollutants
Raman spectroscopy
Recycling
Scanning electron microscopy
Solid phases
Thermal analysis
Thermogravimetric analysis
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Summary:In the present society, the recycling and reuse of valuable substances are of utmost importance for economic and environmental purposes. At the same time, there is a pressing need to develop new methods to protect the ecosystem from many human activities, including those that have contributed to an ever-increasing presence of pharmaceutical pollutants. In this study, a straightforward approach that applies a magnetic carbon composite for the effective removal of NSAIDs from biological fluids is reported. The composite was produced by recycling wasted handkerchiefs, to provide cellulose to the reactive system and then transformed into carbon via calcination at high temperature. The morphological and structural features of the prepared “Fe3O4@-activated carbon” samples were investigated via thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Magnetic solid-state extraction was carried out to reveal the adsorption capabilities of the magnetic carbon composite and then combined with UHPLC–PDA for the determination and quantification of five NSAIDs (furprofen, indoprofen, ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, and indomethacin). The method developed herein proved to be fast and accurate. The adsorbent could be reused for up to 10 cycles, without any decrease in performance; thus, it contributes to an intelligent and sustainable economic strategy projected toward minimal waste generation.
ISSN:2079-6439
2079-6439
DOI:10.3390/fib10070058