High vertical HIV transmission rate in the Midwest region of Brazil

• Published in: The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases 2018-05, Vol.22 (3), p.177-185
• Main Authors: Matos, Vanessa Terezinha Gubert de, Batista, Fabiani de Morais, Versage, Naiara Valera, Pinto, Clarice Souza, Oliveira, Vanessa Marcon de, Vasconcelos-Pereira, Érica Freire de, Matos, Roberta Barbeta dos Rios de, Dal Fabbro, Márcia Maria Ferrairo Janini, Oliveira, Ana Lúcia Lyrio de
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Age Factors; Antiretroviral therapy; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Blotting, Western; Brazil - epidemiology; Breast Feeding; Cesarean Section; Disease prevention; Educational Status; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Health services; HIV; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - transmission; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - statistics & numerical data; INFECTIOUS DISEASES; Male; Natural Childbirth; Original; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - epidemiology; Prenatal follow-up; Risk Factors; Social environment; Vertical transmission; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1413-8670; 1678-4391; 1678-4391
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2018.04.002

To estimate vertical HIV transmission rate in a capital city of the Midwest region of Brazil and describe the factors related to transmission. A descriptive epidemiological study based on the analysis of secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). The analysis considered all HIV-infected pregnant women with delivery in Campo Grande-MS in the years 2007–2013 and their HIV-exposed infants. A total of 218 births of 176 HIV-infected pregnant women were identified during the study period, of which 187 infants were exposed and uninfected, 19 seroconverted, and 12 were still inconclusive in July 2015. Therefore, the overall vertical HIV transmission rate in the period was 8.7%. Most (71.6%) of HIV-infected pregnant women were less than 30 years at delivery, housewives (63.6%) and studied up to primary level (61.9%). Prenatal information was described in 75.3% of the notification forms and approximately 80% of pregnant women received antiretroviral prophylaxis. Among infants, 86.2% received prophylaxis, but little more than half received it during the whole period recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Among the exposed children, 11.3% were breastfed. The vertical HIV transmission rate has increased over the years and the recommended interventions have not been fully adopted. HIV-infected pregnant women need adequate prophylactic measures in prenatal, intrapartum and postpartum, requiring greater integration among health professionals.