Effect of Gold Nanoparticle on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Experimental Oral Mucositis in Hamsters

Oral mucositis (OM) is a severe inflammation of the oral mucosal cells associated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy-induced toxicity, resulting in epithelial ulcers and higher risk of death from sepsis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nanoparticle (AuNp) effect on OM induced in...

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Published in:Pharmaceutics 2020-03, Vol.12 (4), p.304
Main Authors: Vilar, Carmem Jane Ferreira, Ribeiro, Susana Barbosa, de Araújo, Aurigena Antunes, Guerra, Gerlane Coelho Bernardo, de Araújo Júnior, Raimundo Fernandes, Brito, Gerly Anne de Castro, Leitão, Renata Ferreira Carvalho, Pontes, Daniel de Lima, Gasparotto, Luiz Henrique Da Silva, Oliveira, Maisie Mitchele Barbosa, Viana, Anderson Dias, de Medeiros, Wendy Marina Toscano Queiroz, Bezerra, Breno Gustavo Porfírio, de Medeiros, Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
5-fluorouracil
Animals
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Cytokines
Drug delivery systems
Drug dosages
Glycerol
gold nanoparticle
hamsters
Hydration
Inflammation
Medical prognosis
mucositis
Nanoparticles
NF-κB
Prevention
Radiation therapy
Ulcers
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Summary:Oral mucositis (OM) is a severe inflammation of the oral mucosal cells associated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy-induced toxicity, resulting in epithelial ulcers and higher risk of death from sepsis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nanoparticle (AuNp) effect on OM induced in hamsters. 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was used on the first and second day of the experimental model in Golden sirian hamsters, and on the fourth day, mechanical trauma was applied to induce OM. The animals were divided into groups, i.e., polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), mechanical trauma (MT), 5FU, and groups treated with gold nanoparticles (AuNps) (62.5, 125, and 250 μg/kg). On the 10th day, animals were euthanized for macroscopic, histopathological, immunohistochemical, western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and AuNp quantification. AuNp (250 μg/kg) reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, NF-κB, TGF-β, and SMAD 2/3; increased glutathione levels; decreased the expression of Kelch ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1); and induced heme oxygenase 1 ( ) and NAD (P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 ( ) genes. AuNp (250 μg/kg) prevented 5-FU-induced OM in hamsters and improved the parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics12040304