The Concentration-Dependent Effects of Essential Oils on the Growth of Fusarium graminearum and Mycotoxins Biosynthesis in Wheat and Maize Grain

The presence of Fusarium fungi and their toxic metabolites in agricultural crops contributes to significant quantitative and qualitative losses of crops, causing a direct threat to human and animal health and life. Modern strategies for reducing the level of fungi and mycotoxins in the food chain te...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences 2022-01, Vol.12 (1), p.473
Main Authors: Gwiazdowska, Daniela, Marchwińska, Katarzyna, Juś, Krzysztof, Uwineza, Pascaline Aimee, Gwiazdowski, Romuald, Waśkiewicz, Agnieszka, Kierzek, Roman
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural commodities
Animal health
antifungal activity
Biological activity
Biological control
biological plant protection
Biological properties
Biosynthesis
Cereals
cereals quality
Chemical composition
Chemical pest control
Cinnamon
Corn
Crop diseases
Crops
Deoxynivalenol
Ergosterol
Essential oils
food chain safety
Food chains
Fungi
Fungicides
Fusarium
Fusarium graminearum
Gene expression
Grain
Leaves
Metabolites
Mycotoxins
Pathogens
Pesticides
Plant diseases
Plant protection
Proteins
Sustainable food system
Wheat
Zearalenone
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Summary:The presence of Fusarium fungi and their toxic metabolites in agricultural crops contributes to significant quantitative and qualitative losses of crops, causing a direct threat to human and animal health and life. Modern strategies for reducing the level of fungi and mycotoxins in the food chain tend to rely on natural methods, including plant substances. Essential oils (EOs), due to their complex chemical composition, show high biological activity, including fungistatic properties, which means that they exhibit high potential as a biological plant protection factor. The aim of this study was to determine the fungistatic activity of three EOs against F. graminearum, and the reduction of mycotoxin biosynthesis in corn and wheat grain. All tested EOs effectively suppressed the growth of F. graminearum in concentrations of 5% and 10%. Cinnamon and verbena EOs also effectively reduced the ergosterol (ERG) content in both grains at the concentration of 1%, while at the 0.1% EO concentration, the reduction in the ERG amount depended on the EO type as well as on the grain. The degree of zearalenone (ZEA) reduction was consistent with the inhibition of ERG biosynthesis, while the reduction in deoxynivalenol (DON) was not consistent with this parameter.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app12010473