Molecular Regulation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis

Plant-microorganism interactions at the rhizosphere level have a major impact on plant growth and plant tolerance and/or resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Of particular importance for forestry and agricultural systems is the cooperative and mutualistic interaction between plant roots and ar...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-05, Vol.23 (11), p.5960
Main Authors: Ho-Plágaro, Tania, García-Garrido, José Manuel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AM symbiosis
Arbuscular mycorrhizas
autoregulation
Binding sites
Carbon
Colonization
Dietary minerals
Fatty acids
Fungi
Glomeromycota - physiology
Glomeromycotina
Hormones
Host plants
Host-pathogen interactions
Microorganisms
Molecular modelling
Mutualism
Mycorrhizae - physiology
Nitrogen
Nutrients
Peptides
Plant Development
Plant growth
Plant roots
Plant Roots - genetics
Plant Roots - microbiology
regulators
Review
Rhizosphere microorganisms
signal
Sugar
Symbiosis
Symbiosis - genetics
transcriptional regulation
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Summary:Plant-microorganism interactions at the rhizosphere level have a major impact on plant growth and plant tolerance and/or resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Of particular importance for forestry and agricultural systems is the cooperative and mutualistic interaction between plant roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi from the phylum Glomeromycotina, since about 80% of terrestrial plant species can form AM symbiosis. The interaction is tightly regulated by both partners at the cellular, molecular and genetic levels, and it is highly dependent on environmental and biological variables. Recent studies have shown how fungal signals and their corresponding host plant receptor-mediated signalling regulate AM symbiosis. Host-generated symbiotic responses have been characterized and the molecular mechanisms enabling the regulation of fungal colonization and symbiosis functionality have been investigated. This review summarizes these and other recent relevant findings focusing on the molecular players and the signalling that regulate AM symbiosis. Future progress and knowledge about the underlying mechanisms for AM symbiosis regulation will be useful to facilitate agro-biotechnological procedures to improve AM colonization and/or efficiency.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23115960