From Piezoelectric Nanogenerator to Non-Invasive Medical Sensor: A Review

Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) not only are able to harvest mechanical energy from the ambient environment or body and convert mechanical signals into electricity but can also inform us about pathophysiological changes and communicate this information using electrical signals, thus acting as m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biosensors (Basel) 2023-01, Vol.13 (1), p.113
Main Authors: Zhu, Qiliang, Wu, Tong, Wang, Ning
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Biomechanics
Biosensors
Diagnosis
Durability
Electric fields
Electricity
Energy
Energy harvesting
Health services
Humans
Materials selection
Mechanical stimuli
medical application
Medical equipment
Medical treatment
Nanogenerators
non-invasive sensor
Physiology
piezoelectric nanogenerator
Piezoelectricity
Power
Research Design
Respiration
Review
self-powered sensing system
Sensors
Skin
System effectiveness
Zinc oxides
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Summary:Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) not only are able to harvest mechanical energy from the ambient environment or body and convert mechanical signals into electricity but can also inform us about pathophysiological changes and communicate this information using electrical signals, thus acting as medical sensors to provide personalized medical solutions to patients. In this review, we aim to present the latest advances in PENG-based non-invasive sensors for clinical diagnosis and medical treatment. While we begin with the basic principles of PENGs and their applications in energy harvesting, this review focuses on the medical sensing applications of PENGs, including detection mechanisms, material selection, and adaptive design, which are oriented toward disease diagnosis. Considering the non-invasive in vitro application scenario, discussions about the individualized designs that are intended to balance a high performance, durability, comfortability, and skin-friendliness are mainly divided into two types: mechanical sensors and biosensors, according to the key role of piezoelectric effects in disease diagnosis. The shortcomings, challenges, and possible corresponding solutions of PENG-based medical sensing devices are also highlighted, promoting the development of robust, reliable, scalable, and cost-effective medical systems that are helpful for the public.
ISSN:2079-6374
2079-6374
DOI:10.3390/bios13010113