Evaluation of Pencycuron Residue Dynamics in Eggplant Using LC-MS/MS and Establishment of Pre-Harvest Residue Limits

Pencycuron is a fungicide whose maximum residue limit (MRL) in eggplant is either set at very low levels (0.02 mg/kg in European Union) or remains unestablished in many countries, necessitating stringent pesticide management. To enable timely interventions by farmers and regulators, pre-harvest resi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Foods 2024-11, Vol.13 (23), p.3754
Main Authors: Lee, Da-Geon, Baek, Jae-Woon, Eun, Hye-Ran, Lee, Ye-Jin, Kim, Su-Min, Min, Tae-Gyu, Cho, Yong-Won, Lee, Yoon-Hee, Shin, Yongho
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Analysis
Black carbon
Carbon black
Consumers
eggplant
Food safety
Fungicides
Gas flow
Graphitization
graphitized carbon black
Harvest
Harvesting
LC-MS/MS
maximum residue limit
pencycuron
Pesticide residues
Pesticides
Pesticides policy
Plant diseases
residue dynamics
Residues
Sample preparation
Solanum melongena
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Summary:Pencycuron is a fungicide whose maximum residue limit (MRL) in eggplant is either set at very low levels (0.02 mg/kg in European Union) or remains unestablished in many countries, necessitating stringent pesticide management. To enable timely interventions by farmers and regulators, pre-harvest residue limits (PHRLs) propose maximum allowable pesticide concentrations for each day during the pre-harvest period. An analytical method was developed to conduct residue determination trials, demonstrating that graphitized carbon black (GCB) effectively removes eggplant matrices during sample preparation. The LC-MS/MS method was established with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.005 mg/kg, recovery rates ranging from 102.6% to 106.1% with relative standard deviation (RSD; 2.3-6.4%), and a matrix effect (%ME) of +8.1%. Residue analysis revealed a concentration of 0.045 mg/kg at 0 days after treatment (DAT), decreasing to 0.006 mg/kg at 14 DAT. The residue dynamics followed a first-order kinetic model, as confirmed by the F-test, with a rate constant of 0.1405. Therefore, the half-life was determined to be 4.9 d. Based on the MRL value of 0.02 mg/kg at 0 days before harvest (DBH), the PHRL was determined using both and , resulting in values of 0.04 mg/kg and 0.02 mg/kg at 5 days and 0.08 mg/kg and 0.03 mg/kg at 10 DBH, respectively. Using yields more conservative results, which ensures food safety under conditions of slower degradation rates.
ISSN:2304-8158
2304-8158
DOI:10.3390/foods13233754