Antifungal and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Bupleurum rigidum subsp. paniculatum (Brot.) H.Wolff Essential Oil

Fungal infections remain a major health concern with aromatic plants and their metabolites standing out as promising antifungal agents. The present study aims to assess, for the first time, the antifungal and anti-inflammatory potential of subsp. (Brot.) H.Wolff essential oil from Portugal. The oil...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antibiotics (Basel) 2021-05, Vol.10 (5), p.592
Main Authors: Zuzarte, Mónica, Correia, Pedro M P, Alves-Silva, Jorge M, Gonçalves, Maria J, Cavaleiro, Carlos, Cruz, Teresa, Salgueiro, Lígia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory agents
antifungal
Antifungal agents
Biocompatibility
biofilm
Biofilms
Biological activity
Bupleurum
Cytokines
Drug development
Essential oils
Fungal infections
Fungi
Fungicides
germ tube
Inflammation
Limonene
Lipopolysaccharides
Macrophages
Metabolites
Nitric oxide
Oils & fats
Toxicity
Transmission electron microscopy
Virulence
α-Pinene
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Summary:Fungal infections remain a major health concern with aromatic plants and their metabolites standing out as promising antifungal agents. The present study aims to assess, for the first time, the antifungal and anti-inflammatory potential of subsp. (Brot.) H.Wolff essential oil from Portugal. The oil obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized by GC-MS, showed high amounts of monoterpene hydrocarbons, namely α-pinene (29.0-36.0%), β-pinene (26.1-30.7%) and limonene (10.5-13.5%). The antifungal potential was assessed, according to CLSI guidelines, against several clinical and collection strains. The essential oil showed a broad fungicidal effect being more potent against and dermatophytes. Moreover, a significant germ tube inhibition was observed in as well as a disruption of mature biofilms, thus pointing out an effect of the oil against relevant virulent factors. Furthermore, fungal ultrastructural modifications were detected through transmission electron microscopy, highlighting the nefarious effect of the oil. Of relevance, the oil also evidenced anti-inflammatory activity through nitric oxide inhibition in macrophages activated with lipopolysaccharide. In addition, the essential oil's bioactive concentrations did not present toxicity towards macrophages. Overall, the present study confirmed the bioactive potential of subsp. essential oil, thus paving the way for the development of effective drugs presenting concomitantly antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties.
ISSN:2079-6382
2079-6382
DOI:10.3390/antibiotics10050592