Synergistic Strategies in Prostate Cancer Therapy: Electrochemotherapy and Electromagnetic Hyperthermia

Prostate cancer is a significant global health problem, being the second most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of death in men worldwide. Standard chemotherapy, though effective, often lacks selectivity for tumor cells, resulting in dose-limiting side effects. To address this, innovative bi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics 2024-09, Vol.16 (9), p.1109
Main Authors: Vizcarra-Ramos, Sayma, Molina-Pineda, Andrea, Gutiérrez-Ortega, Abel, Herrera-Rodríguez, Sara E, Aguilar-Lemarroy, Adriana, Jave-Suárez, Luis F, López, Zaira, Cano, Mario E, Hernández-Gutiérrez, Rodolfo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Androgens
Antimitotic agents
Antineoplastic agents
Apoptosis
bleomycin
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Cell death
Cell growth
Chemotherapy
cisplatin
Cytotoxicity
Drug delivery systems
Drugs
electrochemotherapy
electromagnetic hyperthermia
Electromagnetism
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Ferric oxide
Fever
Health aspects
Hyperthermia
Magnetic fields
Nanoparticles
Oncology, Experimental
Penicillin
Prostate cancer
Proteins
Side effects
SPION
synergy
Temperature
Toxicity
Vehicles
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Summary:Prostate cancer is a significant global health problem, being the second most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of death in men worldwide. Standard chemotherapy, though effective, often lacks selectivity for tumor cells, resulting in dose-limiting side effects. To address this, innovative biomedical approaches such as electrochemotherapy and electromagnetic hyperthermia have emerged. Electrochemotherapy improves drug delivery by facilitating electroporation, thereby increasing intracellular concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents. This approach reduces dosages and associated adverse effects. Meanwhile, electromagnetic hyperthermia raises the temperature of tumor cells, enhancing their sensitivity to chemotherapy. While previous research has demonstrated the inhibitory effects of magnetic hyperthermia on prostate cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo, and its synergy with chemotherapy has shown enhanced tumor remission, limited studies have focused on electrochemotherapy alone or in combination with hyperthermia in prostate cancer models. This study aims to assess the synergistic effects of electromagnetic hyperthermia, with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and electrochemotherapy, with electroporation and the chemotherapeutic drugs bleomycin and cisplatin, on the prostate cancer-derived cell line DU-145/GFP and prostate-derived cell line RWPE-1. Results indicate enhanced cytotoxicity with both treatments (bleomycin and cisplatin) by adding electroporation, demonstrating a particularly pronounced effect with bleomycin. Combining electroporation with hyperthermia significantly augments cytotoxicity. Moreover, electroporation effectively reduced the time of exposure to electromagnetic hyperthermia while magnifying its cytotoxic effects. Future research in in vivo trials may reveal additional insights into the combined effects of these therapies.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics16091109