Developmental peculiarities in placentae of ovine uniparental conceptuses

• Published in: PloS one 2017-11, Vol.12 (11), p.e0188278-e0188278
• Main Authors: Arena, Roberta, Zacchini, Federica, Toschi, Paola, Palazzese, Luca, Czernik, Marta, Ptak, Grażyna Ewa
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Biology and life sciences; Epigenetic inheritance; Gene expression; Health aspects; Medicine and Health Sciences; Methyltransferases; Pregnancy; Vascular endothelial growth factor
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188278

Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon regulating mono-allelic expression of genes depending on their parental origin. Defective genomic imprinting is involved in several placental disorders, such as intrauterine growth restriction and pre-eclampsia. Uniparental embryos, having maternal-only or paternal-only genomes (parthenogenotes [PAR] and androgenotes [AND], respectively), are useful models to study placentation. The aim of this work was to reveal the effect of parental genome (maternal and paternal) on placentation. To do this, uniparental (AND and PAR) and biparental (CTR) in vitro produced sheep embryos transferred to recipient females were collected at day 20 of pregnancy and their placentae were analyzed. qPCR analysis showed that imprinted genes (H19, IGF2R and DLK1) were expressed accordingly to their parental origin while the expression f DNA methyltransferases () was disregulated, especially in PAR (P < 0.05). AND placentae were significantly hypomethylated compared to both PAR and CTR (P = 0.023). Chorion-allantoid of AND showed impaired development of vessels and reduced mRNA expression of vasculogenetic factors (ANG2 P = 0.05; VEGFR2 P< 0.001; TIE2 P < 0.001). Morphologically, PAR placentae were characterized by abnormal structure of the trophoectodermal epithelium and reduced total number (P