The Improvement and Application of the Geoelectrochemical Exploration Method

• Published in: Applied sciences 2023-02, Vol.13 (4), p.2735
• Main Authors: Kang, Ming, Guo, Huanzhao, Zhu, Wende, Luo, Xianrong, Yang, Jianwen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anomalies; Cations; Clay minerals; concealed deposit; dipole; Dipoles; Electric fields; Electrodes; geoelectrochemical method; Geological surveys; Gold; Gold ores; Instrumentation; Low voltage; Metal ions; Metals; Methods; Mineral exploration; Mineral industry; Mining industry; Nanoparticles; Surface active agents; technique improvement
• ISSN: 2076-3417; 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app13042735

The anionic and cationic species of elements from deeply buried deposits migrate to the near surface driven by various geological forces. The geoelectrochemical exploration method (GEM), derived from CHIM, consists of the application of an electric field to collect these active ions at the designated electrode. Prospecting effects have been investigated by researchers since the coming up of CHIM. However, the cumbersome technical equipment, complex techniques and low production efficiency have restricted its potential application in field geological survey. This paper presents the newly developed CHIM that is electrified by a low voltage dipole. The improved technique allows both anionic and cationic species of elements to be extracted simultaneously in an anode and in a cathode. Compared with the conventional CHIM method, the innovative techniques called dipole geoelectrochemical method are characterized by simple instrumentation, low cost and easy operation in field, and in particular enables simultaneous extraction of anionic and cationic species of elements, from which more information can be derived with higher extraction efficiency. The dipole geoelectrochemical method was proposed and applied in the experiments of the Yingezhuang gold ore from Zhaoyuan, Shandong Province, the 210 gold ore from Jinwozi, Xinjiang Province, and the Daiyinzhang gold polymetallic deposit from Wutaishan, Shanxi Province. There are clearly anomalies above the gold ore body, indicating the effectiveness and feasibility of the improved dipole geoelectrochemical method in both scientific research and mineral exploration. The results of anode extraction in several mining areas have shown good results, indicating that gold may be mainly negatively charged. In fact, many metal nanoparticles, clay minerals, or complexes of metal ions are negatively charged, so they migrate to the anode electrode and enrich.