Comparing the Efficacy of Two Cognitive Screening Tools in Identifying Gray and White Matter Brain Damage among Older Adults

Background. Ageing is associated with structural changes in brain regions and functional decline in cognitive domains. Noninvasive tools for identifying structural damage in the brains of older adults are relevant for early treatment. Aims. This study aims to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of aging research 2024-04, Vol.2024, p.5527225-14
Main Authors: Andreatta Maduro, Paula, Guimarães, Manoel Pereira, de Sousa Rodrigues, Mateus, Pereira Rolim Coimbra Pinto, Ana Paula, Mota Junior, Américo Alves da, Lima Rocha, Alaine Souza, Matoso, Juliana Magalhães Duarte, Bavaresco Gambassi, Bruno, Schwingel, Paulo Adriano
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atrophy
Blood pressure
Brain
Brain damage
Brain research
Cognitive ability
Dementia
Executive function
Magnetic resonance imaging
Observational studies
Older people
Psychiatrists
Risk factors
Variables
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Summary:Background. Ageing is associated with structural changes in brain regions and functional decline in cognitive domains. Noninvasive tools for identifying structural damage in the brains of older adults are relevant for early treatment. Aims. This study aims to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA©) in identifying gray and white matter brain damage in older individuals with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Methods. Ninety older adults (62 women) with an average age of 69 ± 7 years were enrolled and categorized as having no cognitive impairment (NCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or moderate cognitive impairment (MoCI). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized to assess the number, volume, and distribution of brain damage. The Fazekas and Scheltens scales were applied to the brain MRIs, and inferential statistics were employed to compare variables among the groups. Results. Cognitive impairment was observed in 56.7% of the participants (95% confidence interval (CI): 46.4–66.4%), with thirty-six older adults (40%) classified as MCI and 15 (17%) as MoCI. Cognitive impairment and medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy were found to be associated (p=0.001), exhibiting higher mean volume scales of the MTL atrophied area in the MoCI group (p
ISSN:2090-2204
2090-2212
2090-2212
DOI:10.1155/2024/5527225