Evaluation of statistical and geostatistical models of digital soil properties mapping in tropical mountain regions

• Published in: Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 2014-06, Vol.38 (3), p.706-717
• Main Authors: Carvalho Junior, Waldir de, Chagas, Cesar da Silva, Lagacherie, Philippe, Calderano Filho, Braz, Bhering, Silvio Barge
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: cokrigagem; krigagem; Life Sciences; regressão linear múltipla; SOIL SCIENCE
• ISSN: 0100-0683; 1806-9657; 0100-0683; 1806-9657
• DOI: 10.1590/S0100-06832014000300003

Soil properties have an enormous impact on economic and environmental aspects of agricultural production. Quantitative relationships between soil properties and the factors that influence their variability are the basis of digital soil mapping. The predictive models of soil properties evaluated in this work are statistical (multiple linear regression-MLR) and geostatistical (ordinary kriging and co-kriging). The study was conducted in the municipality of Bom Jardim, RJ, using a soil database with 208 sampling points. Predictive models were evaluated for sand, silt and clay fractions, pH in water and organic carbon at six depths according to the specifications of the consortium of digital soil mapping at the global level (GlobalSoilMap). Continuous covariates and categorical predictors were used and their contributions to the model assessed. Only the environmental covariates elevation, aspect, stream power index (SPI), soil wetness index (SWI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and b3/b2 band ratio were significantly correlated with soil properties. The predictive models had a mean coefficient of determination of 0.21. Best results were obtained with the geostatistical predictive models, where the highest coefficient of determination 0.43 was associated with sand properties between 60 to 100 cm deep. The use of a sparse data set of soil properties for digital mapping can explain only part of the spatial variation of these properties. The results may be related to the sampling density and the quantity and quality of the environmental covariates and predictive models used. As propriedades dos solos têm grande impacto sobre aspectos econômicos e ambientais da produção agropecuária. As relações quantitativas entre as propriedades dos solos e os fatores que condicionam sua variabilidade são a base do mapeamento digital de solos. Os modelos preditivos de propriedades dos solos avaliados neste trabalho são os estatísticos (Regressão Linear Múltipla-RLM) e geoestatísticos (krigagem ordinária e cokrigagem). Este estudo foi desenvolvido para o município de Bom Jardim, RJ, e usou um banco de dados de solos com 208 pontos amostrais. Foram avaliados modelos preditivos para as frações areia, silte e argila, pH em água e carbono orgânico para seis profundidades, de acordo com as especificações do consórcio de mapeamento digital de solos em nível global (GlobalSoilMap). Utilizaram-se covariáveis preditoras contínuas e categóricas, estas últimas para avaliar su