Olfactory impairment in psychiatric disorders: Does nasal inflammation impact disease psychophysiology?

Olfactory impairments contribute to the psychopathology of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and depression. Recent neuroscience research has shed light on the previously underappreciated olfactory neural circuits involved in regulation of higher brain functions. Although environmental factors...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Translational psychiatry 2022-08, Vol.12 (1), p.314-314, Article 314
Main Authors: Hasegawa, Yuto, Ma, Minghong, Sawa, Akira, Lane, Andrew P., Kamiya, Atsushi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Behavioral Sciences
Biological Psychology
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Inflammation
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mental disorders
Neurosciences
Pathophysiology
Pharmacotherapy
Psychiatry
Psychophysiology
Review
Review Article
Schizophrenia
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Summary:Olfactory impairments contribute to the psychopathology of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and depression. Recent neuroscience research has shed light on the previously underappreciated olfactory neural circuits involved in regulation of higher brain functions. Although environmental factors such as air pollutants and respiratory viral infections are known to contribute to the risk for psychiatric disorders, the role of nasal inflammation in neurobehavioral outcomes and disease pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Here, we will first provide an overview of published findings on the impact of nasal inflammation in the olfactory system. We will then summarize clinical studies on olfactory impairments in schizophrenia and depression, followed by preclinical evidence on the neurobehavioral outcomes produced by olfactory dysfunction. Lastly, we will discuss the potential impact of nasal inflammation on brain development and function, as well as how we can address the role of nasal inflammation in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. Considering the current outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which often causes nasal inflammation and serious adverse effects for olfactory function that might result in long-lasting neuropsychiatric sequelae, this line of research is particularly critical to understanding of the potential significance of nasal inflammation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.
ISSN:2158-3188
2158-3188
DOI:10.1038/s41398-022-02081-y