The structure of species discrimination signals across a primate radiation

Discriminating conspecifics from heterospecifics can help avoid costly interactions between closely related sympatric species. The guenons, a recent primate radiation, exhibit high degrees of sympatry and form multi-species groups. Guenons have species-specific colorful face patterns hypothesized to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:eLife 2020-01, Vol.9
Main Authors: Winters, Sandra, Allen, William L, Higham, James P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal behavior
Bias
Classification
complex signals
Computer applications
Conspecifics
Decomposition
Discrimination
Evolutionary Biology
Experiments
Face
guenons
Learning algorithms
Machine learning
Mammals
Monkeys & apes
Primates
Radiation (Physics)
Species
species discrimination
Sympatric populations
Sympatry
visual signal form
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Summary:Discriminating conspecifics from heterospecifics can help avoid costly interactions between closely related sympatric species. The guenons, a recent primate radiation, exhibit high degrees of sympatry and form multi-species groups. Guenons have species-specific colorful face patterns hypothesized to function in species discrimination. Here, we use a machine learning approach to identify face regions most essential for species classification across fifteen guenon species. We validate these computational results using experiments with live guenons, showing that facial traits critical for accurate classification influence selective attention toward con- and heterospecific faces. Our results suggest variability among guenon species in reliance on single-trait-based versus holistic facial characteristics for species discrimination, with behavioral responses and computational results indicating variation from single-trait to whole-face patterns. Our study supports a role for guenon face patterns in species discrimination, and shows how complex signals can be informative about differences between species across a speciose and highly sympatric radiation.
ISSN:2050-084X
2050-084X
DOI:10.7554/eLife.47428