Temporal trends in hip fracture incidence, mortality, and morbidity in Denmark from 1999 to 2012

• Published in: Acta orthopaedica 2018-04, Vol.89 (2), p.170-176
• Main Authors: Jantzen, Christopher, Madsen, Christian M, Lauritzen, Jes B, Jørgensen, Henrik L
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Denmark - epidemiology; Female; Hip and Knee; Hip Fractures - complications; Hip Fractures - epidemiology; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Registries; Retrospective Studies; Sex Distribution; Survival Rate; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1745-3674; 1745-3682; 1745-3682
• DOI: 10.1080/17453674.2018.1428436

Background and purpose - While development in hip fracture incidence and mortality is well examined, none has yet looked at the temporal trends regarding prevalence of co-morbidities. Therefore we investigated changes in incidence of first hip fracture, co-morbidity prevalence, 30 day- and 1-year mortality in hip fracture patients in the Danish population during the period 1999 to 2012. Patients and methods - Patients >18 years admitted with a fractured hip in Denmark between 1996 and 2012 were identified with data for the period 1999-2012 being analyzed regarding prevalence of co-morbidities, incidence, and mortality. Results - 122,923 patients were identified. Incidence in the whole population declined but sex-specific analysis showed no changes for men. For the whole study population, 30-day and 1-year mortality remained unchanged. Age at time of first hip fracture also remained unchanged. Of the included co-morbidities a decrease in prevalence of malignancy and dementia in women was found while there was an increase in the prevalence of all remaining co-morbidities, except hemi- or paraplegia for both sexes, rheumatic diseases for women, and for men diabetes with complications, myocardial infarction, AIDS/HIV, and malignancy. Interpretation - While hip fracture incidence declined for women it was unchanged for men; likewise, 30-day and 1-year mortality rates together with age at first fracture remained unchanged. When these results are compared with the relatively large increase in the prevalence of co-morbidities, it does not seem likely that the increased disease burden is affecting either the incidence or the mortality.