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Evidence for Unknown Sarcocystis -Like Infection in Stranded Striped Dolphins ( Stenella coeruleoalba ) from the Ligurian Sea, Italy
Two striped dolphins (SD1, SD2), stranded along the Ligurian coast of Italy, were diagnosed with a nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis associated with previously undescribed protozoan tissue cysts. As tissue cysts were morphologically different from those of , additional histopathological, immunohist...
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| Published in: | Animals (Basel) 2021-04, Vol.11 (5), p.1201 |
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| creator | Giorda, Federica Romani-Cremaschi, Umberto Marsh, Antoinette E Grattarola, Carla Iulini, Barbara Pautasso, Alessandra Varello, Katia Berio, Enrica Gazzuola, Paola Marsili, Letizia Di Francesco, Cristina E Goria, Maria Verna, Federica Audino, Tania Peletto, Simone Caramelli, Maria Fernández-Escobar, Mercedes Sierra, Eva Fernández, Antonio Calero-Bernal, Rafael Casalone, Cristina |
| description | Two striped dolphins (SD1, SD2), stranded along the Ligurian coast of Italy, were diagnosed with a nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis associated with previously undescribed protozoan tissue cysts. As tissue cysts were morphologically different from those of
, additional histopathological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and biomolecular investigations were performed, aiming to fully characterize the organism. Histopathology revealed the presence of large
-like tissue cysts, associated with limited inflammatory lesions in all CNS areas studied. IHC was inconclusive, as positive staining with polyclonal antisera did not preclude cross-reaction with other Sarcocystidae coccidia. Applied to each animal, 11 different PCR protocols precluded a neural infection by
, and
.
coinfection was confirmed only in dolphin SD2.
sp. sequences, showing the highest homology to species infecting the Bovidae family, were amplified from SD1 myocardium and SD2 skeletal muscle. The present study represents the first report of
-like tissue cysts in the brain of stranded cetaceans along with the first description of
sp. infection in muscle tissue of dolphins from the Mediterranean basin. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ani11051201 |
| format | article |
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, additional histopathological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and biomolecular investigations were performed, aiming to fully characterize the organism. Histopathology revealed the presence of large
-like tissue cysts, associated with limited inflammatory lesions in all CNS areas studied. IHC was inconclusive, as positive staining with polyclonal antisera did not preclude cross-reaction with other Sarcocystidae coccidia. Applied to each animal, 11 different PCR protocols precluded a neural infection by
, and
.
coinfection was confirmed only in dolphin SD2.
sp. sequences, showing the highest homology to species infecting the Bovidae family, were amplified from SD1 myocardium and SD2 skeletal muscle. The present study represents the first report of
-like tissue cysts in the brain of stranded cetaceans along with the first description of
sp. infection in muscle tissue of dolphins from the Mediterranean basin.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2076-2615</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2076-2615</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ani11051201</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33922074</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Antisera ; Aquatic mammals ; Bladder ; Bradyzoites ; Brain ; Cetacea ; Cross-reaction ; Cross-reactivity ; Cysts ; genotype ; Heart ; Histology ; Histopathology ; Homology ; Infections ; Inflammation ; Lesions ; Light microscopy ; Liver ; Livestock ; Lymphatic system ; Marine mammals ; Meningoencephalitis ; Microscopy ; Monoclonal antibodies ; Muscles ; Musculoskeletal system ; Myocardium ; neuropathology ; Nutritional status ; Optical microscopy ; Parasites ; Polyclonal antibodies ; Protozoa ; Reproductive system ; Sarcocystis ; Sarcocystis-like ; Sarcosporidiosis ; Serology ; Skeletal muscle ; Spleen ; Stenella ; Stranding ; striped dolphin ; tissue cysts ; Tissues ; Toxoplasma gondii</subject><ispartof>Animals (Basel), 2021-04, Vol.11 (5), p.1201</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-e39bb7064bda130f6e74eab22e91824b9dffcc8fbf84a07a171eef92cca75c9d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-e39bb7064bda130f6e74eab22e91824b9dffcc8fbf84a07a171eef92cca75c9d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0896-4539 ; 0000-0002-0486-2121 ; 0000-0001-5281-0521 ; 0000-0003-2323-0135 ; 0000-0002-8684-898X ; 0000-0002-2474-4587 ; 0000-0001-5054-2930 ; 0000-0003-3749-8845</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2531388455/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2531388455?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,25731,27901,27902,36989,36990,44566,53766,53768,74869</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33922074$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Giorda, Federica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Romani-Cremaschi, Umberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marsh, Antoinette E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grattarola, Carla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iulini, Barbara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pautasso, Alessandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varello, Katia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berio, Enrica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gazzuola, Paola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marsili, Letizia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Di Francesco, Cristina E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goria, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verna, Federica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Audino, Tania</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peletto, Simone</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caramelli, Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernández-Escobar, Mercedes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sierra, Eva</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernández, Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calero-Bernal, Rafael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casalone, Cristina</creatorcontrib><title>Evidence for Unknown Sarcocystis -Like Infection in Stranded Striped Dolphins ( Stenella coeruleoalba ) from the Ligurian Sea, Italy</title><title>Animals (Basel)</title><addtitle>Animals (Basel)</addtitle><description>Two striped dolphins (SD1, SD2), stranded along the Ligurian coast of Italy, were diagnosed with a nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis associated with previously undescribed protozoan tissue cysts. As tissue cysts were morphologically different from those of
, additional histopathological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and biomolecular investigations were performed, aiming to fully characterize the organism. Histopathology revealed the presence of large
-like tissue cysts, associated with limited inflammatory lesions in all CNS areas studied. IHC was inconclusive, as positive staining with polyclonal antisera did not preclude cross-reaction with other Sarcocystidae coccidia. Applied to each animal, 11 different PCR protocols precluded a neural infection by
, and
.
coinfection was confirmed only in dolphin SD2.
sp. sequences, showing the highest homology to species infecting the Bovidae family, were amplified from SD1 myocardium and SD2 skeletal muscle. The present study represents the first report of
-like tissue cysts in the brain of stranded cetaceans along with the first description of
sp. infection in muscle tissue of dolphins from the Mediterranean basin.</description><subject>Antisera</subject><subject>Aquatic mammals</subject><subject>Bladder</subject><subject>Bradyzoites</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Cetacea</subject><subject>Cross-reaction</subject><subject>Cross-reactivity</subject><subject>Cysts</subject><subject>genotype</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Histology</subject><subject>Histopathology</subject><subject>Homology</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Lesions</subject><subject>Light microscopy</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>Lymphatic system</subject><subject>Marine mammals</subject><subject>Meningoencephalitis</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Monoclonal antibodies</subject><subject>Muscles</subject><subject>Musculoskeletal system</subject><subject>Myocardium</subject><subject>neuropathology</subject><subject>Nutritional status</subject><subject>Optical microscopy</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Polyclonal antibodies</subject><subject>Protozoa</subject><subject>Reproductive system</subject><subject>Sarcocystis</subject><subject>Sarcocystis-like</subject><subject>Sarcosporidiosis</subject><subject>Serology</subject><subject>Skeletal muscle</subject><subject>Spleen</subject><subject>Stenella</subject><subject>Stranding</subject><subject>striped dolphin</subject><subject>tissue cysts</subject><subject>Tissues</subject><subject>Toxoplasma 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Sea, Italy</title><author>Giorda, Federica ; Romani-Cremaschi, Umberto ; Marsh, Antoinette E ; Grattarola, Carla ; Iulini, Barbara ; Pautasso, Alessandra ; Varello, Katia ; Berio, Enrica ; Gazzuola, Paola ; Marsili, Letizia ; Di Francesco, Cristina E ; Goria, Maria ; Verna, Federica ; Audino, Tania ; Peletto, Simone ; Caramelli, Maria ; Fernández-Escobar, Mercedes ; Sierra, Eva ; Fernández, Antonio ; Calero-Bernal, Rafael ; Casalone, Cristina</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-e39bb7064bda130f6e74eab22e91824b9dffcc8fbf84a07a171eef92cca75c9d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Antisera</topic><topic>Aquatic 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Rafael</au><au>Casalone, Cristina</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evidence for Unknown Sarcocystis -Like Infection in Stranded Striped Dolphins ( Stenella coeruleoalba ) from the Ligurian Sea, Italy</atitle><jtitle>Animals (Basel)</jtitle><addtitle>Animals (Basel)</addtitle><date>2021-04-22</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1201</spage><pages>1201-</pages><issn>2076-2615</issn><eissn>2076-2615</eissn><abstract>Two striped dolphins (SD1, SD2), stranded along the Ligurian coast of Italy, were diagnosed with a nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis associated with previously undescribed protozoan tissue cysts. As tissue cysts were morphologically different from those of
, additional histopathological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and biomolecular investigations were performed, aiming to fully characterize the organism. Histopathology revealed the presence of large
-like tissue cysts, associated with limited inflammatory lesions in all CNS areas studied. IHC was inconclusive, as positive staining with polyclonal antisera did not preclude cross-reaction with other Sarcocystidae coccidia. Applied to each animal, 11 different PCR protocols precluded a neural infection by
, and
.
coinfection was confirmed only in dolphin SD2.
sp. sequences, showing the highest homology to species infecting the Bovidae family, were amplified from SD1 myocardium and SD2 skeletal muscle. The present study represents the first report of
-like tissue cysts in the brain of stranded cetaceans along with the first description of
sp. infection in muscle tissue of dolphins from the Mediterranean basin.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>33922074</pmid><doi>10.3390/ani11051201</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0896-4539</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0486-2121</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5281-0521</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2323-0135</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8684-898X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2474-4587</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5054-2930</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3749-8845</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 2076-2615 |
| ispartof | Animals (Basel), 2021-04, Vol.11 (5), p.1201 |
| issn | 2076-2615 2076-2615 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_0e0979b2435f4b718cc05d7c5240cada |
| source | PMC (PubMed Central); Publicly Available Content (ProQuest) |
| subjects | Antisera Aquatic mammals Bladder Bradyzoites Brain Cetacea Cross-reaction Cross-reactivity Cysts genotype Heart Histology Histopathology Homology Infections Inflammation Lesions Light microscopy Liver Livestock Lymphatic system Marine mammals Meningoencephalitis Microscopy Monoclonal antibodies Muscles Musculoskeletal system Myocardium neuropathology Nutritional status Optical microscopy Parasites Polyclonal antibodies Protozoa Reproductive system Sarcocystis Sarcocystis-like Sarcosporidiosis Serology Skeletal muscle Spleen Stenella Stranding striped dolphin tissue cysts Tissues Toxoplasma gondii |
| title | Evidence for Unknown Sarcocystis -Like Infection in Stranded Striped Dolphins ( Stenella coeruleoalba ) from the Ligurian Sea, Italy |
| url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-08T06%3A04%3A10IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_doaj_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Evidence%20for%20Unknown%20Sarcocystis%20-Like%20Infection%20in%20Stranded%20Striped%20Dolphins%20(%20Stenella%20coeruleoalba%20)%20from%20the%20Ligurian%20Sea,%20Italy&rft.jtitle=Animals%20(Basel)&rft.au=Giorda,%20Federica&rft.date=2021-04-22&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1201&rft.pages=1201-&rft.issn=2076-2615&rft.eissn=2076-2615&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390/ani11051201&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_doaj_%3E2520874910%3C/proquest_doaj_%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-e39bb7064bda130f6e74eab22e91824b9dffcc8fbf84a07a171eef92cca75c9d3%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2531388455&rft_id=info:pmid/33922074&rfr_iscdi=true |