Seroprevalence and serotype distribution of foot and mouth disease virus and associated risk factors in cattle across various export livestock sourcing districts of Bale Zone, Ethiopia

• Published in: BMC veterinary research 2024-11, Vol.20 (1), p.543-11
• Main Authors: Gizaw, Daniel, Negessu, Demessa, Fentie, Ayenalem, Muluneh, Ayelech, Asgedom, Hagos, Guyassa, Chala, Ashenafi, Hagos, Jemberu, Wudu T, Legesse, Mengistu, Kassa, Tesfu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antibodies; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Bale; Beef cattle; Cattle; Cattle Diseases - epidemiology; Cattle Diseases - virology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diseases; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - veterinary; Enzymes; Ethiopia; Ethiopia - epidemiology; Exports; Female; FMD; Foot-and-mouth disease; Foot-and-Mouth Disease - epidemiology; Foot-and-Mouth Disease - virology; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus - classification; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus - immunology; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus - isolation & purification; Health aspects; International economic relations; International trade; Livestock; Livestock industry; Male; Risk Factors; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Serogroup; Seroprevalence; Serotype; Statistics; Viral antibodies
• ISSN: 1746-6148; 1746-6148
• DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04382-4

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a contagious and economically important viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2022 in selected districts of Bale zone, Ethiopia to determine the seroprevalence and serotypes of FMD virus circulating in cattle. Blood samples were collected from cattle and tested for antibodies against non-structural proteins (NSP) of FMD virus using a 3ABC enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive samples were further tested for serotype-specific antibodies using solid phase competitive ELISA (SPCE). Descriptive statistics, both univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyse FMD serostatus and associated risk factors. A total of 962 cattle sera were tested and 200 samples, 20.8% (95% CI: 18.3-23.5) were positive for antibodies against NSP of the FMD virus. The highest seroprevalence was observed in the Seweyna district (35.2%, 95%CI: 26.8-44.7) and the lowest in the Dinsho district (13.0%, 95% CI: 9.5-17.5). The seroprevalence of FMD virus antibody was significantly associated with district (P