Three Scrophularia Species ( Scrophularia buergeriana , S. koraiensis , and S. takesimensis ) Inhibit RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation in Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages

• Published in: Plants (Basel) 2020-11, Vol.9 (12), p.1656
• Main Authors: Nam, Hyeon-Hwa, Lee, A Yeong, Seo, Yun-Soo, Park, Inkyu, Yang, Sungyu, Chun, Jin Mi, Moon, Byeong Cheol, Song, Jun-Ho, Kim, Joong-Sun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acid phosphatase; Acid phosphatase (tartrate-resistant); Acid resistance; Arthritis; Biomedical materials; Bisphosphonates; Bone diseases; Bone growth; Bone marrow; Bone resorption; Chromatography; Cytotoxicity; Differentiation; Drug dosages; Ethanol; harpagoside; Herbal medicine; High performance liquid chromatography; Hydroxyapatite; Liquid chromatography; Macrophages; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; osteoclast differentiation; Osteoclastogenesis; Osteoclasts; Osteoporosis; Physical characteristics; RANKL; Rheumatism; S. koraiensis; S. takesimensis; Scrophularia; Scrophularia buergeriana; Species; TRANCE protein; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
• ISSN: 2223-7747; 2223-7747
• DOI: 10.3390/plants9121656

Scrophulariae Radix, derived from the dried roots of Hemsl. or Miq, is a traditional herbal medicine used in Asia to treat rheumatism, arthritis, and pharyngalgia. However, the effects of , , and on osteoclast formation and bone resorption remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the morphological characteristics and harpagoside content of , , and , and compared the effects of ethanol extracts of these species using nuclear factor (NF)-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation. The harpagoside content of the three species was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). Their therapeutic effects were evaluated by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cell formation and bone resorption in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) harvested from ICR mice. We confirmed the presence of harpagoside in the species. The harpagoside content of , , and was 1.94 ± 0.24 mg/g, 6.47 ± 0.02 mg/g, and 5.50 ± 0.02 mg/g, respectively. Treatment of BMMs with extracts of the three species inhibited TRAP-positive cell formation in a dose-dependent manner. The area of hydroxyapatite-absorbed osteoclasts was markedly decreased after treatment with the three species extracts. Our results indicated that the three species of the genus might exert preventive effects on bone disorders by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, suggesting that these species may have medicinal and functional value.