Response of Three Chloris elata Populations to Herbicides Sprayed in Pre- and Post-Emergence

• Published in: Advances in Weed Science 2018-01, Vol.36
• Main Authors: CORREIA, N.M., RESENDE, Í.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural practices; Agrochemicals; Ammonium; biotype; chemical control; Chloris elata; Citrus fruits; Corn; Cover crops; Emergence; Experiments; Glufosinate; Glyphosate; Herbicides; Metolachlor; Metribuzin; Mineral oils; Orchards; Paraquat; PLANT SCIENCES; Populations; Production capacity; Seeds; Soybeans; tall windmill grass; Trifluralin; weed
• ISSN: 0100-8358; 1806-9681; 1806-9681; 2675-9462
• DOI: 10.1590/s0100-83582018360100078

In agricultural areas of Brazil, where there is no establishment of cover crops in the off-season and in fruit orchards, an increase in Chloris elata infestations, syn. Chloris polydactyla, has been observed. With the purpose to evaluate the response of three populations (Itaberaí - GO, Matão - SP e Jaboticabal - SP) of C. elata to herbicides sprayed before and after emergence, four experiments were conducted. In the first one, the differential tolerance of three C. elata populations to the herbicide glyphosate (0, 0.18, 0.36, 0.72, 0.96, 1.44, 2.88, 5.76 and 11.52 kg a.e. ha-1) was studied. In the other experiments, the control of the three populations by herbicides applied in pre-emergence (clomazone, diclosulam, flumioxazin, isoxaflutole, chlorimuron-ethyl, metribuzin, S-metolachlor, sulfentrazone and trifluralin) or in post-emergence (clethodim, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, quizalofop-p-tefuryl, mesotrione, nicosulfuron, tembotrione, glufosinate-ammonium, paraquat and glyphosate) was evaluated. The population from Jaboticabal was more susceptible to glyphosate than Itaberaí and Matão, at smaller doses. In pre-emergence, clomazone, isoxaflutole, metribuzin, S-metolachlor and trifluralin were effective in controlling the three populations. The same results were observed for clethodim, fenoxaprop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, quizalofop, paraquat and glyphosate, when sprayed on plants with 2-6 tillers. C. elata populations differed for the herbicides flumioxazin, chlorimuron-ethyl and nicosulfutron. RESUMO: No Brasil, nas áreas agrícolas onde não há o estabelecimento de culturas de cobertura na entressafra e em pomares de frutíferas, tem-se observado aumento na infestação de Chloris elata, sinonímia Chloris polydactyla. Com o objetivo de avaliar a resposta de três populações (Itaberaí - GO, Matão - SP e Jaboticabal - SP) de C. elata a herbicidas pulverizados em pré ou pós-emergência, quatro experimentos foram desenvolvidos. No primeiro, foi estudada, por meio de curva de dose-resposta, a tolerância diferencial de três populações de C. elata ao herbicida glyphosate (0, 0,18, 0,36, 0,72, 0,96, 1,44, 2,88, 5,76; e 11,52 kg e.a. ha-1 de equivalente ácido). Nos outros experimentos, foi avaliado o controle das três populações por herbicidas aplicados em pré (clomazone, diclosulam, flumioxazin, isoxaflutole, chlorimuron-ethyl, metribuzin, S-metolachlor, sulfentrazone e trifluralin) ou pós-emergência (clethodim, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fluazifop-