CD38-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction Primes Multiple Myeloma Cells for NAD + -Lowering Agents

Cancer cells fuel growth and energy demands by increasing their NAD biosynthesis dependency, which therefore represents an exploitable vulnerability for anti-cancer strategies. CD38 is a NAD -degrading enzyme that has become crucial for anti-MM therapies since anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies represe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antioxidants 2023-02, Vol.12 (2), p.494
Main Authors: Becherini, Pamela, Soncini, Debora, Ravera, Silvia, Gelli, Elisa, Martinuzzi, Claudia, Giorgetti, Giulia, Cagnetta, Antonia, Guolo, Fabio, Ivaldi, Federico, Miglino, Maurizio, Aquino, Sara, Todoerti, Katia, Neri, Antonino, Benzi, Andrea, Passalacqua, Mario, Nencioni, Alessio, Perrotta, Ida, Gallo Cantafio, Maria Eugenia, Amodio, Nicola, De Flora, Antonio, Bruzzone, Santina, Lemoli, Roberto M, Cea, Michele
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bone marrow
cancer metabolism
Cancer therapies
CD38 antigen
Cell cycle
Enzymes
Leukemia
Metabolic diseases
Metabolism
Mitochondria
mitochondrial disfunction
Monoclonal antibodies
Multiple myeloma
NAD
NAD+ biosynthetic pathway
NAD+-lowering agents
Oxidative stress
Patients
Physiological aspects
Tumorigenesis
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Summary:Cancer cells fuel growth and energy demands by increasing their NAD biosynthesis dependency, which therefore represents an exploitable vulnerability for anti-cancer strategies. CD38 is a NAD -degrading enzyme that has become crucial for anti-MM therapies since anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies represent the backbone for treatment of newly diagnosed and relapsed multiple myeloma patients. Nevertheless, further steps are needed to enable a full exploitation of these strategies, including deeper insights of the mechanisms by which CD38 promotes tumorigenesis and its metabolic additions that could be selectively targeted by therapeutic strategies. Here, we present evidence that CD38 upregulation produces a pervasive intracellular-NAD depletion, which impairs mitochondrial fitness and enhances oxidative stress; as result, genetic or pharmacologic approaches that aim to modify CD38 surface-level prime MM cells to NAD -lowering agents. The molecular mechanism underlying this event is an alteration in mitochondrial dynamics, which decreases mitochondria efficiency and triggers energetic remodeling. Overall, we found that CD38 handling represents an innovative strategy to improve the outcomes of NAD -lowering agents and provides the rationale for testing these very promising agents in clinical studies involving MM patients.
ISSN:2076-3921
2076-3921
DOI:10.3390/antiox12020494